摘要抗 N-甲基- D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体脑炎是由抗NMDA受体抗体介导的一种自身免疫性脑炎。目前诊断主要依靠典型的临床表现及脑脊液中可检测到特异性抗体，早期及时地给予相关治疗，可遏制疾病进展，改善预后。然而，患者临床表现不典型，抗体检测的等待时间较长，导致早期识别困难。影像学设备在我国基层医院较为普及，早期对可疑患者行影像学检查更易实现，故本研究对近几年抗NMDA受体脑炎的影像学表现特点及研究进展进行综述，以期提高临床医生对该疾病的认识及早期识别。

abstractsAnti- N-methyl- D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis mediated by anti-NMDA receptor antibody. At present, the diagnosis of the disease depends mainly on typical clinical symptoms and detection of specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid. Early and timely treatment can curb the disease progression and improve the prognosis of the disease. However, because of the atypical clinical manifestations of patients and long waiting time for antibody detection, early identification is difficult. Imaging equipment is more popular in primary hospitals in China, and it is easier to perform imaging examination for suspected patients in the early stage; therefore, this article aims to review the imaging characteristics and current imaging research progress of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in recent years, so as to improve clinicians' understanding and early recognition of this disease.