摘要目的 研究(足母)趾动静脉的走行规律及不同断面的最大口径,从而指导和改进(足母)趾皮瓣游离移植修复拇指组织缺损的手术方法.方法 利用巨微解剖、血管铸型解剖、断层解剖对新鲜尸体足26只的(足母)趾动静脉进行解剖、观察和测量分析.结果 (足母)趾腓侧趾底动脉口径:末节近1/3为(0.78±0.05) mm,趾间关节为(0.96±0.07) mm,近节远1/3为(1.06±0.16) mm,近节近1/3为(1.13±0.28) mm,跖趾关节为(1.32±0.31) mm.(足母)趾趾背静脉口径:末节近1/3为(0.40±0.04) mm,趾间关节为(0.52±0.16) mm,近节远1/3为(0.68±0.16) mm,近节近1/3为(0.81±0.21) mm,跖趾关节为(1.06±0.32) mm.结论 (足母)趾皮瓣的主要血供为趾底腓侧固有动脉,趾背静脉是(足母)趾组织瓣移植的最重要回流血管.

abstractsObjective To provide guidance for improving the surgical techniques of hallux free flap transfer for repair of thumb defects,the course,distribution and dimensions at different planes of blood vessels to the great toe were studied.Methods 26 fresh cadaver foot specimens were dissected.Macro-and microsurgical dissection,vascular corrosion casting and cross-sectional dissection were carried out to observe and measure the arteries and veins to the great toe.Results The maximum diameter of the plantar fibular artery to the great toe was (0.78 ± 0.05) mm at the proximal 1/3 of the distal phalanx,(0.96 ± 0.07) mm at the interphalangeal joint,(1.06 ± 0.16) mm at the distal 1/3 of the proxirnal phalanx,(1.13 ± 0.28) mm at the proximal 1/3 of the proximal phalanx,and (1.32 ± 0.31) mm at the metatarsophalangeal joint.The maximum diameter of the dorsal hallux veins was (0.40 ± 0.04) mm at the proximal 1/3 of the distal phalanx,(0.52 ±0.16) mm at the interphalangeal joint,(0.68±0.16) mm at the distal 1/3 of the proximal phalanx,(0.81 ±0.21) mm at the proximal 1/3 of the proximal phalanx,and (1.06 ± 0.32) mm at the metatarsophalangeal joint.Conclusion The main blood supply of the hallux free flap comes from the plantar fibular artery to the great toe.Dorsal veins of the great toe are the most important vessel for venous drainage.