摘要目的:通过研究健侧颈 7与受区神经的匹配性，以便合理利用健侧颈 7，更好地恢复患肢功能。 方法:12具24侧甲醛(10%福尔马林)固定过的成年尸体标本，解剖出臂丛神经后，分别测量颈 7神经根及其前后股、颈 8、胸 1神经根、下干、前臂内侧皮神经、腋神经前支、正中神经及尺神经的直径。再分别切取上述神经长约1 cm的标本，通过组织学研究，测量他们的神经束横截面积总和(S)和神经纤维总数(N)。最后对上述结果进行比较。 结果:尺神经直径比颈 7前股和正中神经细，尺神经与颈 7后股粗细相当；胸 1神经较颈 7后股直径粗，颈 8神经较颈 7前股直径粗，下干较颈 7直径粗。尺神经较正中神经和颈 7神经纤维总数少，但与颈 7前股或后股神经纤维数量基本相等；颈 7较下干神经纤维总数少，颈 7前股比颈 8神经纤维总数少，但颈 7前股或后股与胸 1神经纤维数量基本相等；腋神经较前臂内侧皮神经纤维多。尺神经较正中神经面积小，但与颈 7前股或后股神经束面积基本相等；颈 7神经总面积比尺神经大，比下干神经束面积小，颈 7前股较颈 8神经束面积小，但颈 7前股或后股与胸 1神经面积基本相等；腋神经横截面积大于前臂内侧皮神经。 结论:不论是从神经粗细，神经纤维数量多少，还是从神经束总面积来评定，健侧颈 7移位下干，颈 7前后股移位颈 8、胸 1神经根，颈 7后股移位尺神经，都不会引起动力神经纤维的浪费；但颈 7全干或颈 7前股移位尺神经，将因神经粗细或神经纤维数量不匹配而浪费颈 7的动力神经。

abstractsObjective:To study the matching between contralateral C 7 and recipient nerves in order to make rational use of contralateral C 7 and better recover the function of affected limb. Methods:The brachial plexus was dissected from 24 sides of 12 adult cadavers fixed with formaldehyde (10% formalin). The diameters of C 7 nerve root, anterior and posterior divisions of C 7, C 8 and T 1 nerve root, lower trunk, medial forearm cutaneous nerve, anterior branch of axillary nerve, median nerve and ulnar nerve were measured. The specimens with the length of about 1 cm of the above nerves were cut respectively. The total cross-sectional area (S) and the total number of nerve fibers (N) were measured by histological study. Finally, the above results are compared. Results:The diameter of ulnar nerve was thinner than that of anterior division of C 7 and median nerve, and the thickness of ulnar nerve was equal to that of posterior division of C 7; the diameter of T 1 was thicker than that of posterior division of C 7, the diameter of C 8 was thicker than that of anterior division of C 7, and the diameter of lower trunk was thicker than that of C 7. The number of ulnar nerve fibers was less than that of median nerve and C 7, but it was almost equal to that of anterior or posterior of C 7; the total number of nerve fibers in C 7 was less than that in the lower trunk, the total number of C 7 anterior division was less than that of C 8, but the number of C 7 anterior or posterior division was almost the same as that of T 1 nerve root; the number of axillary nerve was more than that of medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve. The area of ulnar nerve was smaller than that of median nerve, but the area of ulnar nerve is basically equal to that of anterior or posterior division of C 7; the total area of C 7 nerve was larger than that of ulnar nerve and smaller than that of lower trunk; the area of anterior division of C 7 was smaller than that of C 8, but the area of anterior or posterior C 7 was basically equal to that of T 1; the area of axillary nerve was larger than that of medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Conclusion:No matter from the nerve diameter, the number of nerve fibers, or from cross sectional area of nerve, the transfer of C 7 to lower trunk, C 7 anterior and posterior division to C 8 or T 1 nerve root or C 7 posterior division to ulnar nerve will not cause the waste of dynamic nerve fibers; but the transfer of C 7 whole trunk or C 7 anterior division to ulnar nerve will waste the dynamic nerve fibers of C 7 because of the mismatch of nerve size or the number of nerve fibers.