摘要目的:调查内蒙古自治区部分地区蚊媒病毒的种类与分布，为当地制定有效防控措施提供参考。方法:2024年在内蒙古自治区满洲里市、东乌珠穆沁旗和苏尼特右旗部分地区使用诱蚊灯法采集蚊虫，根据形态学分类。使用RT-qPCR法对蚊虫进行乙型脑炎病毒、库蚊黄病毒、盖塔病毒、塔希纳病毒、版纳病毒、坦布苏病毒、辛德毕斯病毒、西尼罗病毒和辽宁病毒核酸检测。随后对阳性样本进行基因组测序，并使用生物信息学软件对病毒基因组进行遗传进化分析。结果:共采集蚊虫2属7种6 990只，其中淡色库蚊占采集蚊虫总数的39.17%（2 738/6 990），其次为凶小库蚊19.90%（1 391/6 990）。共检出辽宁病毒和库蚊黄病毒2种病毒。辽宁病毒基因型为GⅠ型和GⅡ型，库蚊黄病毒为GⅠA型和6批疑似库蚊黄病毒E基因新亚型。结论:内蒙古自治区首次检测出辽宁病毒，为该病毒监测提供了新的本底数据，同时也提示库蚊黄病毒在内蒙古自治区部分地区持续传播，相关部门应加强监测。

abstractsObjective:This study aimed to investigate the species and distribution of mosquito-borne viruses in selected regions of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，providing a reference for the development of effective local prevention and control measures.Methods:Mosquitoes were collected using light traps in parts of Manzhouli City，East Ujimqin Banner，and Sonid Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2024，and classified based on morphological characteristics. Mosquito samples were tested for nucleic acids of Japanese encephalitis virus，Culex flavivirus，Getah virus，Tahyna virus，Banna virus，Tembusu virus，Sindbis virus，West Nile virus，and Liaoning virus using RT-qPCR. Positive samples were subjected to genomic sequencing，and genetic evolutionary analysis of viral genomes was performed using bioinformatics software.Results:A total of 6 990 mosquitoes belonging to 7 species across 2 genera were collected. Culex pipiens pallens accounted for 39.17%（2 738/6 990）of the total collected mosquitoes，followed by Culex modestus at 19.90%（1 391/6 990）. Two viruses，Liaoning virus and Culex flavivirus，were detected. The genotypes of Liaoning virus identified were GⅠ and GⅡ，while the Culex flavivirus strains belonged to genotype GⅠA，and six batches were suspected to represent a novel E gene subtype of Culex flavivirus. Conclusion:Liaoning virus was primarily detected in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region，suggesting its potential occurrence in partial areas and providing new baseline data for virological surveillance. The findings also indicate persistent circulation of Culex flavivirus in these areas，suggesting that relevant authorities should strengthen monitoring efforts.