摘要本文回顾人工智能(AI)的发展历史，从探索时期到现代全民AI时期的关键阶段和重要进展。随后，详细介绍人工智能在神经外科领域的应用，包括机器学习在胶质瘤治疗和预后中的应用、深度学习在脑肿瘤患者核磁共振和出血预测中的应用、自然语言处理、大语言模型、可穿戴智能检测设备、AI辅助机器人、脑机接口等方面的应用前景和挑战。最后总结AI在神经外科领域的潜力，以及需要克服的挑战，从而实现AI与医疗健康的良性发展和融合。

abstractsThis article reviews the history of the development of artificial intelligence (AI), from the period of exploration to the key stages and important advances in the modern era of AI for all. Subsequently, the application of AI in the field of neurosurgery was introduced in detail, including the application of machine learning in the treatment and prognosis of glioma, the application of deep learning in MRI and bleeding prediction of brain tumor patients, natural language processing, large language models, wearable intelligent detection devices, AI-assisted robots, brain-computer interfaces, and the application prospects and challenges of meta-universe. Finally, it summarizes the potential of AI in the field of neurosurgery, as well as the challenges that need to be overcome to achieve the benign development and integration of AI and medical health.