摘要目的:探讨miRNA-205在慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）患者血管钙化中的作用及诊断价值。方法:该研究分为体外细胞实验和回顾性队列研究。采用大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞进行体外实验，茜素红染色法、钙含量检测血管平滑肌细胞（vascular smooth muscle cells，VSMCs）的钙化情况，碱性磷酸酶检测试剂盒测定碱性磷酸酶活性，Western印迹检测VSMCs成骨转录因子Runt相关转录因子2（Runt-related transcription factor 2，Runx2）、α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）及平滑肌22α蛋白（smooth muscle 22α，SM-22α）的蛋白表达水平，实时荧光定量PCR检测VSMCs中miRNA-205和Runx2的表达含量。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miRNA-205与Runx2的靶向关系。回顾性选择2020年6月至2021年1月河北医科大学第四医院肾内科的CKD 3～5期非透析患者，并按照冠状动脉钙化积分（coronary artery calcium score，CACs）将患者分为无钙化组（CACs=0）、轻中度钙化组（0<CACs≤400）和重度钙化组（CACs>400）。采用Spearman相关分析法评价血清miRNA-205、Runx2与CKD患者血管钙化的相关性，Logistic回归模型及受试者工作特征曲线分析miRNA-205预测CKD患者血管钙化的价值。结果:（1）与对照组相比，高磷组VSMCs钙结节较多，钙含量、碱性磷酸酶活性、Runx2蛋白表达均显著较高，α-SMA、SM-22α蛋白及miRNA-205表达水平均较低（均 P<0.05）。过表达miRNA-205时，VSMCs钙化减轻，α-SMA和SM22α蛋白表达水平均升高，Runx2蛋白表达水平降低（均 P<0.05）。双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示，miRNA-205-5p过表达后野生型Runx2 3’端非编码区质粒荧光素酶活性降低。（2）纳入CKD患者80例，年龄（57.50±14.93）岁，其中男性49例（61.3%）。无钙化组（ n=26）、轻中度钙化组（ n=30）和重度钙化组（ n=24）患者miRNA-205和Runx2表达水平比较结果显示，钙化程度越高，miRNA-205表达水平越低，Runx2 mRNA表达水平越高（均 P<0.05）。血清miRNA-205与CACs呈负相关（ r=-0.50， P<0.01），Runx2与CACs呈正相关（ r=0.55， P<0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，miRNA-205（ OR=0.451，95% CI 0.122～0.873）是CKD患者发生血管钙化的独立影响因素。miRNA-205和miRNA-205联合Runx2预测血管钙化的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.796（95% CI 0.697～0.859）和0.924（95% CI 0.866～0.982）。 结论:miRNA-205通过靶向Runx2负向调控VSMCs成骨样表型转化进而抑制血管钙化，有望成为早期诊断CKD患者血管钙化的生物标志物。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the role and diagnostic value of miRNA-205 in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with vascular calcification.Methods:It was divided into in vitro cell experiment and retrospective cohort study. In vitro experiments were conducted by using rat thoracic aortic smooth muscle cells. Alizarin red staining and calcium content detection were used to detect the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test kit was used to measure ALP activity. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of osteogenic transcription factors runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and smooth muscle-22α (SM-22α) in VSMCs. qRT-PCR was used to detect miRNA-205 and Runx2 expression levels. The double luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the targeted relationship between miRNA-205 and Runx2. The non-dialysis patients with CKD 3-5 stage from June 2020 to January 2021 in the Department of Nephrology of Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University were selected. According to coronary artery calcium score (CACs), the patients were divided into non-calcification group (CACs=0), mild-moderate calcification group (0<CACs≤400), and severe calcification group (CACs > 400). Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between miRNA-205 and Runx2 and vascular calcification. Logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to analyze the ability of miRNA-205 to predict the vascular calcification in patients with CKD. Results:(1)Compared with the control group, calcium nodules were more, and the calcium content, ALP activity and Runx2 protein level were higher, and the expression levels of miRNA-205, α-SMA and SM-22α were significantly lower in high phosphorus group (all P<0.05). Overexpression of miRNA-205 significantly reduced the calcification of VSMCs and Runx2 protein level, and increased the protein levels of α-SMA and SM-22α (all P<0.05). miRNA-205-5p reduced the activity of luciferase in the wild-type Runx2-3'-end non-coding region plasmid. (2) Eighty CKD patients were enrolled, with age of (57.50±14.93) years old and 49 males (61.3%). The results of comparison of miRNA-205 and Runx2 expression levels in non-calcification group ( n=26), mild- moderate calcification group ( n=30) and severe calcification group ( n=24) showed that, the higher degree of calcification, the lower miRNA-205 expression level and the higher Runx2 mRNA expression level (all P<0.05). miRNA-205 was negatively correlated with CACs ( r=-0.50, P<0.01) and Runx2 was positively correlated with CACs ( r=0.55, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results suggested that miRNA-205 ( OR=0.451, 95% CI 0.122-0.873) was an independent influencing factor of vascular calcification in CKD patients. The area under the ROC curve of miRNA-205 and miRNA-205 combined with Runx2 for predicting vascular calcification were 0.796 (95% CI 0.697-0.859) and 0.924 (95% CI 0.866-0.982), respectively. Conclusions:miRNA-205 inhibits vascular calcification by targeting Runx2 to negatively regulate osteogenetic phenotype transformation of VSMCs and is expected to be an early diagnostic marker of vascular calcification in CKD patients.