摘要慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）相关瘙痒（CKD-associated pruritus，CKD-aP），曾被称为尿毒症瘙痒（uremic pruritus），是终末期肾病患者常见的并发症之一。CKD-aP可发生于各年龄段的CKD患者，具有高发病率特点，严重影响患者的生活质量和身心健康，同时增加患者的远期死亡风险，加重国家医疗系统的负担。值得注意的是，在临床实践中，CKD-aP的治疗缺乏有效的药物，也容易被医护人员忽视。因此，为提高临床医师对CKD-aP的认识并提供规范的临床实践指导，中华肾脏病防治专项基金专家委员会围绕CKD-aP的定义、诊断程序、评估标准和治疗原则四个方面达成共识，旨在为各级肾脏病科及其他相关学科医师的临床规范诊疗提供参考。

abstractsChronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is also known as uremic pruritus. It is one of the common complications in patients with end-stage renal disease. CKD-aP can occur in CKD people of all ages, with a high prevalence, seriously impairing quality of life and physical/mental health, increasing long-term mortality risk, and imposing substantial burdens on healthcare systems. It is worth noting that there is a lack of effective drugs for the treatment of CKD-aP in clinical work, and it is often overlooked by medical workers. Therefore, in order to improve clinicians' understanding of CKD-aP and provide standardized clinical practice guidance, the Expert Committee of China Special Fund for Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment has reached this consensus on the definition, diagnostic procedures, evaluation criteria, and treatment principles of CKD-aP, aiming to provide reference for clinicians in nephrology and other related disciplines to standardize clinical diagnosis and treatment.