摘要目的 评价妊娠中期母体血脂及尿酸水平对子痫前期、妊娠期糖尿病( gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)及巨大儿的预测价值. 方法 本研究为前瞻性研究.对2009年6月至2010年1月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院妇产科建卡的单胎初产孕妇,妊娠20周时测定空腹外周血中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B及尿酸含量,并对其定期产前检查,随访至分娩,收集包括是否发生子痫前期、GDM等并发症、分娩孕周、新生儿体重等母体及新生儿资料.Logistic回归分析血脂及尿酸水平与子痫前期、GDM和巨大儿的相关性,确定是危险因素的指标,再通过受试者工作特性曲线分析其预测子痫前期、GDM和巨大儿的敏感性及特异性. 结果 1000例孕妇参与并完成本研究,其中61例(6.1％)发展为子痫前期,100例(10.0％)发展为GDM.平均分娩孕周为(39.3±1.2)周,早产发生率1.5％ (15/1000).新生儿平均出生体重(3389.6±422.8)g,巨大儿发生率为8.9％(89/1000).妊娠20周时甘油三酯水平升高者发生子痫前期的风险是正常者的3.42倍(95 ％CI:1.88～6.22,P=0.000),GDM风险是其2.12倍(95％CI:1.38～3.35,P=0.001).妊娠20周对尿酸水平升高者发生子痫前期的风险是正常者的2.09倍(95％ CI:1.24～3.53,P=0.005),GDM风险是其2.22倍(95％CI:1.32～3.43,P=0.002).而妊娠20周时高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低者发生子痫前期风险是正常者的2.34倍(95％CI:1.20～4.55,P=0.011),GDM风险是其2.03倍(95％CI:1.33～3.11,P=0.001),巨大儿风险是其1.67倍(95％CI:1.06～2.64,P=0.026).受试者工作特性曲线分析显示,这些预测指标的曲线下面积为0.56～0.65,预测敏感性为28％～82％,特异性为34％～85％. 结论 妊娠中期高甘油三酯、高尿酸及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平使子痫前期、GDM和巨大儿等发生风险增加,但这些代谢指标预测不良妊娠结局的价值有限.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the values of maternal serum levels of lipid and uric acid at second trimester in predicting preeclampsia,gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia. Methods Concentrations of selected metabolic markers including total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,apolipoprotein AI,apolipoprotein B and uric acid were examined in 1000 healthy singleton primiparous who accepted regular prenatal healthcare in Naniing Drum Tower Hospital,at 20 weeks of gestation from June 2009 to January 2010.All the pregnant women were followed up to their deliveries.Pregnancy complications,such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM),the data of maternal and neonatal outcomes such as gestational age at delivery,neonatal birthweight were recorded.Relationship between adverse outcome and blood lipid,uric acid levels was analyzed by Logistic regression,and the risk factors were confirmed; predictive values of those sensitivity and specificity were calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Among the 1000 pregnant women, 61 (6.1％) developed preeclampsia and 100 (10.0％) developed GDM.The mean gestational age of delivery was (39.3±1.2) weeks,and the incidence of preterm delivery was 1.5％ (15/1000).The mean birthweight was (3389.6±4 422.8) g,and the prevalence of macrosomia was 8.9％ (89/1000).Women who had elevated triglyceride levels had a 3.42-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95 ％ CI:1.88-6.22,P =0.000) and 2.12-fold increased risk of GDM (95％ CI:1.38-3.35,P =0.001).Hyperuricemic women experienced a 2.09-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95％CI:1.24-3.53,P=0.005) and 2.22-fold increased risk of GDM (95％CI:1.32-3.43,P=0.002).Women who had decreased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level experienced a 2.34-fold increased risk of preeclampsia (95 ％ CI:1.20-4.55,P =0.011),2.03-fold increased risk of GDM (95 ％ CIr:1.33-3.11,P =0.001 ) and 1.67-fold increased risk of macrosomia (95％CI:1.06-2.64,P=0.026).The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of these metabolic markers was 0.56-0.65, the sensitivity was 28％-82％ and the specificity was 34％-85％. Conclusions Hypertriglycemia,hyperuricemia,and hypo high density lipoprotein-cholesterolcmia at 20 weeks of gestation might relate to preeclampsia,GDM and macrosomia,but the predictive values of them are limited.