摘要晚期早产儿发生率呈逐年上升的趋势.晚期早产儿自身生理和代谢功能不成熟,生后早期易出现多种呼吸系统并发症,如近期的新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、湿肺和呼吸暂停,以及远期的哮喘及呼吸道合胞病毒感染等.这些疾病使晚期早产儿在其婴幼儿期及学龄期的住院率及病死率明显高于足月儿.临床医师需加强对晚期早产儿呼吸系统近、远期并发症的认识,提高对晚期早产儿的管理水平,以提高他们的远期生存质量.

abstractsThere are more and more late preterm infants in recent years. Due to the immature physiological and metabolic functions, late preterm neonates are more prone to various short- and long-term respiratory complications in their early postnatal period, such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, wet lung and apnea in the short term, and asthma and respiratory syncytial virus infection in the long term, which significantly increase the admission and fatality rate of late preterm infants in their infancy and school age compared with the full-term ones. Clinicians should be much aware of the short- and long-term respiratory complications in late preterm infants so as to promote clinical management and improve the long-term quality of lives of these infants.