摘要目的:探讨影响双胎输血综合征（twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome，TTTS）胎儿镜激光凝固胎盘吻合血管（fetoscopic laser occlusion of chorioangiopagous vessels，FLOC）术后活产儿脑损伤的影响因素及在纠正12月龄时的神经系统发育。方法:回顾性选取2018 年5月至2021年8月在郑州大学第三附属医院行 FLOC 术的TTTS患者的136例胎儿作为FLOC组，并对存活儿进行随访。在纠正12月龄时应用Griffith精神发育评估量表-中文版（the Griffiths mental Development Scales-Chinese，GDS-C）从运动、个人-社会、听力语言、手眼协调、表现等5个领域进行评估。同时选取期待治疗和羊水减量术TTTS患者的88例胎儿作为非FLOC组。比较2组间围产儿死亡率及脑损伤发生率等，以及FLOC组中采用Solomon术与选择性激光术者脑损伤发生率。采用广义估计方程分析FLOC术后新生儿脑损伤影响因素及纠正12月龄时GDS-C量表总商评分的影响因素。采用 χ 2检验、 t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验等进行统计学分析。 结果:（1）FLOC组围产儿死亡率低于非FLOC组［14.7%（20/136）与26.1%（23/88）， χ 2=4.50， P=0.034］；2组新生儿脑损伤发生率比较差异无统计学意义［18.7%（23/123）与21.8%（17/78）， χ 2=0.29， P=0.592］，但FLOC组重度脑损伤发生率低于非FLOC组［6.5%（8/123）与15.4%（12/78）， χ 2=4.20， P=0.040］。（2）FLOC组中，供血儿与受血儿、Solomon术与选择性激光手术的脑损伤发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义［分别为16.4%（10/61）与21.0%（13/62）、20.0%（9/45）与17.9%（14/78）， χ 2值分别为0.42和0.08， P值均>0.05］。（3）多因素分析显示，新生儿窒息（ OR=7.04，95% CI：1.45~34.20， P=0.016）和术前TTTS分期（ OR=2.05，95% CI：1.10~3.82， P=0.023）是发生新生儿脑损伤的危险因素。（4）纠正12月龄时随访成功52例，至少一项领域出现迟缓的发生率为34.6%（18/52）。发育迟缓主要表现在运动和语言领域，分别为26.9%（14/52）和11.5%（6/52）；受血儿和供血儿各领域 Z值比较差异均无统计学意义（ P值均>0.05）。GDS-C 量表总商评分的影响因素中，行Solomon术式、手术孕周大、低出生体重与总商低有关（95% CI分别为－11.71~－0.23、－1.99~－0.47、0.00~0.01， P值均<0.05）。 结论:FLOC术后TTTS活产儿脑损伤的发生与术前分期及产时新生儿窒息有关；纠正12月龄存活儿神经系统的发育与出生体重及手术孕周有关，轻度发育迟缓发生率较高。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the risk factors for cerebral injury in survivors of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) after fetoscopic laser occlusion of chorioangiopagous vessels(FLOC) and to analyze the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of corrected age.Methods:A total of 136 cases of TTTS receiving FLOC in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2018 to August 2021 were retrospectively selected as the FLOC group, and the survivors were followed up. Neurological development at 12 months of corrected age was assessed using the Griffiths mental development scales-Chinese (GDS-C) from five dimensions with locomotor, personal-social, hearing and language, hand-eye coordination and performance subscales. Eighty-eight fetuses of TTTS pregnancies receiving expectant treatment or amniotic fluid reduction were selected as the non-FLOC group. The perinatal mortality and the incidence of cerebral injury in the two groups were compared, as well as the incidence of cerebral injury between patients undergoing Solomon surgery and selective laser surgery in the FLOC group. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the risk factors for neonatal cerebral injury after FLOC and the factors influencing general developmental quotient score at the corrected age of 12 months. Chi-square test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results:(1) The perinatal mortality rate in the FLOC group was lower than that in the non-FLOC group [14.7% (20/136) vs 26.1% (23/88), χ 2=4.50, P=0.034]. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of neonatal cerebral injury between the two groups [18.7% (23/123) vs 21.8% (17/78), χ 2=0.29, P=0.592], but the incidence of severe cerebral injury in the FLOC group was lower than that in the non-FLOC group [6.5% (8/123) vs 15.4% (12/78), χ 2=4.20, P=0.040]. (2) In the FLOC group, there was no significant difference in the incidence of cerebral injury between donors and recipients, or between Solomon surgery and selective laser surgery [16.4% (10/61) vs 21.0% (13/62), χ 2=0.42; 20.0% (9/45) vs 17.9% (14/78), χ 2=0.08; both P>0.05]. (3) Multivariate analysis showed that neonatal asphyxia ( OR=7.04, 95% CI: 1.45-34.20, P=0.016) and higher preoperative TTTS stage ( OR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.10-3.82, P=0.023) were risk factors for neonatal cerebral injury. (4) Fifty-two cases were successfully followed up at the corrected age of 12 months, and the incidence of developmental delay in at least one dimension was 34.6% (18/52). Developmental delay was mainly manifested in locomotor skills and language, accounting for 26.9% (14/52) and 11.5% (6/52). No significant difference in Z value was found between recipients and donors in each dimension (all P>0.05). Solomon surgery, larger gestational age at operation and low birth weight were related to low general developmental quotient score (95% CI:－11.71 to－0.23，－1.99 to－0.47，0.00-0.01，respectively，all P<0.05). Conclusions:The occurrence of cerebral injury in TTTS survivors after FLOC is related to preoperative TTTS staging and intrapartum neonatal asphyxia. Neurodevelopment of survivors is related to birth weight and gestational age at surgery, and there is a higher incidence of mild developmental delay at corrected age of 12 months.