摘要膝关节外侧间室骨关节炎患病率较低，但国内患者的总体数量大，外侧单髁置换术（UKA）具有良好的应用前景。外侧间室独特的解剖结构及运动学特点使手术操作更具挑战性，传统UKA术后患者出现下肢力线不良和假体位置不良的发生率较高，导致其推广应用受到一定限制。近年来，随着治疗理念、手术技术和材料的不断更新与改进，UKA假体生存时间不断延长，临床效果不断优化。在放射学、解剖学和临床表现等方面严格把握手术适应证，熟悉外侧间室解剖学和生物力学特征，熟练掌握技术要点是外侧UKA成功开展的前提与保障。随着技术的进步，微创化、精准化和个体化应是外侧单髁置换术追求的目标。

abstractsThere is a low prevalence of osteoarthritis in the lateral compartment of the knee, but the overall number of domestic patients is large, and lateral unicompartmental arthroplasty (UKA) has good prospects.The unique anatomical structure and kinematic characteristics of the lateral compartment make the surgical operation more challenging.Traditional UKA patients have a high incidence of lower limb mal-alignment and poor prosthetic position, which leads to limit of their promotion and application.In recent years, with the development of treatment concepts, surgical techniques and materials, the survival time of UKA prosthesis has been continuously extended, and the clinical effect has been continuously optimized.Strictly grasp the surgical indications in radiology, anatomy and clinical manifestations, familiarize with the lateral compartment anatomy and biomechanical features, and master the technical details are the prerequisites and guarantees for the success of the lateral UKA.With the advancement of technology, minimal invasion, precision and individuation should be the goal pursued for lateral UKA surgery.