摘要目的 观察计划行为理论(TPB)对颈椎病患者健康教育的影响.方法 选取颈椎病患者100例,依据入院先后顺序进行随机编号,双号设为实验组,单号设为对照组.对照组患者采用常规健康教育,方式为管床护士向患者口头宣教疾病相关知识,并发放健康教育资料;干预组采用TPB理论构建护理行为干预,开展干预前问卷调查,然后对患者实施行为态度、主体规范和感知行为控制干预.分别于干预前和干预6个月后(干预后)评估2组患者的疼痛程度(疼痛六点行为评分)、健康行为和复发情况.结果 干预后,实验组颈椎疼痛六点行为评分为(2.62±1.09)分,分别与组内治疗前的(3.32±0.91)分和对照组干预后的(3.14±0.97)分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).干预后,实验组患者除注意预防咽部感染和保暖例数外,其余各项健康行为养成和颈椎病复发比例均优于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 TPB可显著改善患者的疼痛程度和健康行为,并减少复发率.

abstractsObjective To observe the influence of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in teaching patients with cervical spondylosis about their disease.Methods A hundred cervical spondylosis patients were assigned according to their admission order into an experimental or a control group.The control group received conventional health education and health education materials, including oral health education.With the intervention group,the TPB was used to design their nursing, and they received behavioral intervention addressing attitude, subjective norms and behavior control.Both groups were assessed for the degree of pain using a six-point pain score, health behavior, and recurrence, before the experiment and after 6 months.Results After six months both groups had significantly improved pain scores, but the average improvement in the intervention group was significantly greater.Their health behavior was also significantly better except for the prevention of pharyngeal infection and keeping warm.Conclusions The TPB can significantly relieve the pain and improve the health behavior of spondylosis patients, and reduce the recurrence rate.