摘要目的:探讨康复医学科中老年脑出血住院患者并发尿路感染(UTI)的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析2015年8月至2017年8月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)康复医学科收治的脑出血患者77例，结合临床表现及近期尿常规、尿培养结果，确诊UTI 24例，分为UTI组(24例)和非UTI组(53例)。记录两组患者的年龄、性别、病程、瘫痪侧别、脑出血部位及类型、有无意识障碍、瘫痪下肢Brunnstrom分期、基础疾病个数、并发症情况(有无气管切开、留置尿管、肺部感染、压疮、深静脉血栓等)、此次发病后有无康复干预、血常规、血生化、凝血功能、尿常规、尿培养等临床资料。先采用单因素分析，再进行多因素Logistic回归分析，筛选脑出血并发UTI的危险因素。结果:单因素分析显示，年龄、瘫痪侧别、意识障碍、下肢Brunnstrom分期、气管切开、留置尿管、肺部感染、白细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、钠、尿酸、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原可能与脑出血患者UTI发生有关( P<0.05)；回归分析显示，年龄[OR(95%CI)＝1.207(1.022-1.424)， P＝0.026]、右侧瘫痪[OR(95%CI)＝0.20(0.001-0.650), P＝0.028]、D-二聚体[OR(95%CI)＝1.403(1.003-1.961)， P＝0.048]与脑出血并发UTI有关。 结论:年龄增加和D-二聚体高是脑出血患者并发UTI的独立危险因素，右侧瘫痪患者UTI的发生率低。

abstractsObjective:To observe factors influencing the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) after cerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods:A total of 77 ICH patients undergoing rehabilitation between August 2015 and August 2017 were studied. Among them, 24 were diagnosed with a UTI according to clinical manifestations and urine routine tests and urine culture. They formed the UTI group. The other 53 were the non-UTI group. Complete clinical evaluations were available for all 77, and those data were used to identify risk factors for UTI using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:The univariate analysis showed that age, side of paralysis, consciousness dysfunction, Brunnstrom staging of the lower extremity, tracheotomy, indwelling catheter, lung infection, white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, serum natrium, uric acid, D-dimer level and fibrinogen were all significant predictors of UTI. The multivariate analysis identified age, right side hemiplegia and D-dimer level as useful predictors.Conclusions:Advanced age and a high D-dimer level are independent risk factors for UTI after ICH, while hemiplegia on the right side is a protective factor.