摘要破伤风的免疫预防分为被动免疫和主动免疫,其中被动免疫制剂包括破伤风抗毒素和破伤风人免疫球蛋白.破伤风抗毒素在早期的破伤风免疫预防中发挥了重要作用,但由于其成分含有异体血清,存在安全性问题,已逐渐被破伤风人免疫球蛋白所取代.被动免疫制剂的应用误区导致了医疗资源的浪费和潜在的医疗风险.规范合理地应用主动免疫制剂(破伤风类毒素)并减少被动免疫制剂的使用是预防破伤风梭状芽孢杆菌感染最有效的措施.

abstractsImmunoprophylaxis against tetanus is divided into passive and active immunization. Pas-sive immunizing agents include tetanus antitoxin and human tetanus immunoglobulin. Tetanus antitoxin played an important role in early tetanus immunoprophylaxis. However,some safety problems do exist as it contains allogeneic serum and because of that,it has been gradually replaced by human tetanus immunoglobulin. Mis-application of passive immune agents has resulted in a waste of medical resources and revealed potential med-ical risks. Standardized and rational application of active immunizing agents ( tetanus toxoid) with reduced usage of passive immunizing agents is the most effective measure to prevent Clostridium tetani infection.