摘要人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)主要衣壳蛋白由晚期基因(late gene 1,L1)表达,可以自发组装成病毒样颗粒(virus like particle,VLP)且具有良好免疫原性而被用于HPV免疫致病机制及HPV疫苗的研究.然而,现有以L1为基础的疫苗存在一定局限性,如L1蛋白表达量低、纯化过程复杂使得疫苗产量较低;L1蛋白中和抗体为HPV型特异而不同型HPV的交叉保护率很低;此外,对已有的HPV感染清除作用不确定且不具有治疗HPV相关疾病的作用.本文将对HPV L1的结构、免疫原性与在免疫应答中的作用、包括L1为基础的HPV疫苗的发展现状与最新进展进行综述.

abstractsL1 is the major capsid protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) encoded by late gene 1. Based on the fact that L1 can self-assemble into virus like particle (VLP) with good immunogenicity, it has aroused wide concern in studying the pathogenesis of and vaccines against HPV. Nevertheless, there are a few limitations of present L1-based HPV vaccines. For instance, low expression of the protein and the com-plexity of purification result in the relatively low yield of vaccines. Type-specific antibody induced by L1 also results in the unsatisfactory cross-protection rate. Furthermore, there is no reported therapeutic effect against HPV-related diseases because of its undefined role in virus eliminating. This review focused on the struc-ture, immunogenicity and role in immune response of L1 and the development of and latest progress in HPV vaccines.