摘要目的:研究人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)在人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒1型(HTLV-1)感染中的表达情况，探讨HLA-G在HTLV-1逃逸宿主免疫应答中的功能和机制。方法:采用HTLV-1稳定感染的细胞系MT2分别感染HeLa和THP-1细胞，qRT-PCR和Western blot检测HLA-G异构体在mRNA和蛋白质水平的表达情况，流式细胞术检测HLA-G1的表达情况。在HeLa细胞中通过转染上调HLA-G的表达以及采用siRNA基因沉默HLA-G，再用HTLV-1感染细胞，从蛋白质水平上验证HTLV-1特征性病毒蛋白Tax的改变。结果:HTLV-1感染HeLa和THP-1细胞能诱导HLA-G异构体的差异性表达，以HLA-G1、HLA-G5为主；HTLV-1病毒感染宿主细胞24 h后HLA-G mRNA和蛋白质水平表达明显上调。同时，过表达HLA-G的HeLa细胞被HTLV-1病毒感染后病毒蛋白Tax明显升高，采用siRNA的手段将HeLa细胞HLA-G基因沉默后，则得到相反的结果。结论:免疫耐受分子HLA-G在HTLV-1感染细胞后表达量明显上升，从而促进HTLV-1病毒蛋白的传播和复制，进而导致病毒的持续感染。

abstractsObjective:To study the expression of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) during human T lymphocytic leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, and to investigate the function and mechanism of HLA-G in HTLV-1 immune escape.Methods:HeLa and THP-1 cells were infected by MT2, a stable HTLV-1 infected cell line. Expression of HLA-G isomers at mRNA and protein levels was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of HLA-G1. Moreover, transfection and siRNA gene were respectively used to up-regulate and silence HLA-G expression in HeLa cells to observe the changes in the expression of HTLV-1-featured protein Tax on protein level after HTLV-1 infection.Results:HTLV-1 infection could induce differential expression of HLA-G isomers, mainly HLA-G1 and HLA-G5, in HeLa and THP-1 cells. HLA-G expression at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly up-regulated 24 h after HTLV-1 infection. Moreover, the expression of HTLV-1 protein Tax was significantly enhanced in HTLV-1-infected HeLa cells overexpressing HLA-G. An opposite result was obtained when the HLA-G gene in HeLa cells was silenced by siRNA.Conclusions:The immune-tolerant molecule HLA-G was significantly increased in HTLV-1-infected cells, thereby promoting the expression of HTLV-1 viral protein, which led to persistent viral infection.