摘要目的:建立野百合碱、倒千里光碱和千里光宁3种吡咯烷生物碱(PA)所致的急性肝窦阻塞综合征(HSOS)小鼠模型，并对3种模型进行评价。方法:将48只雄性C57小鼠分为4组：对照组、野百合碱组、倒千里光碱组和千里光宁组(每组12只)，分别予以PBS(300 μL)、野百合碱溶液(800 mg/kg)、倒千里光碱溶液(100 mg/kg)、千里光宁溶液(100 mg/kg)灌胃1次。于灌胃后24 h分析4组小鼠死亡数、成模数、肝功能和肝脏病理形态学变化。统计学方法采用单因素方差分析、Bonferroni法、卡方检验。结果:灌胃后24 h时野百合碱组、倒千里光碱组、千里光宁组分别死亡0、9、0只，存活小鼠成模9、3、6只，3组死亡数比较差异有统计学意义( χ2＝21.734， P<0.05)，成模数比较差异无统计学意义( χ2＝2.836， P>0.05)。野百合碱组、倒千里光碱组、千里光宁组ALT水平分别为(111.72±37.62)、(562.97±242.42)、(3 891.40±1 009.44) U/L，AST水平分别为(156.96±64.95)、(331.22±120.83)、(2 107.55±532.80) U/L，TBil水平分别为(41.66±10.42)、(79.43±18.45)、(120.80±17.44) μmol/L，均高于对照组[分别为(31.40±10.98) U/L、(34.66±13.00) U/L、(16.91±2.89) μmol/L]，差异均有统计学意义(Bonferroni法， P均<0.008 3)；倒千里光碱组与千里光宁组ALT、AST水平比较差异均有统计学意义(Bonferroni法， P均<0.008 3)，TBil水平比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.008 3)；倒千里光碱组与野百合碱组TBil水平比较差异有统计学意义(Bonferroni法， P＝0.002)，ALT、AST水平比较差异均无统计学意义( P均>0.008 3)；千里光宁组与野百合碱组ALT、AST和TBil水平比较差异均有统计学意义(Bonferroni法， P均<0.008 3)。野百合碱组、倒千里光碱组、千里光宁组小鼠肝组织可见肝细胞凝固性坏死，中央静脉内皮下出血，肝窦扩张，红细胞淤滞于肝血窦中，正常的小叶结构被破坏；野百合碱组和倒千里光碱组主要表现为肝腺泡3区肝细胞坏死、肝窦扩张淤血；千里光宁组主要表现为肝腺泡1区和2区肝细胞坏死和淤血。野百合碱组成模小鼠的肝组织病理学改变为中、重度，倒千里光碱组、千里光宁组均为重度。 结论:成功建立了野百合碱、倒千里光碱和千里光宁3种PA所致小鼠急性HSOS模型，其中野百合碱更合适。

abstractsObjective:To establish and evaluate acute hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) mouse models induced by three pyrrolidine alkaloids (PAs) including monocrotaline (MCT), retrorsine (RTS) and senecionine (SEN).Methods:Forty-eight male C57 mice were divided into four groups, control group, MCT group, RTS group and SEN group, with 12 mice in each group, which were gavaged once with phosphate buffer saline (300 μL), MCT solution (800 mg/kg), RTS solution (100 mg/kg) and SEN solution (100 mg/kg), respectively. At 24 hours after gavage, the number of mortality and success modeling, liver function, and pathological changes of liver of four groups of mice were analyzed. One way analysis of variance, Bonferroni test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.Results:At 24 hours after gavage, the number of dead mice of MCT group, RTS group and SEN group was zero, nine and zero, respectively; and the number of survival successfully modeled mice was nine, three and six, respectively; the difference of mortality among three groups was statistically significant ( χ2=21.734, P<0.05), and the difference of the number of success modeling was not statistically significant ( χ2=2.836, P>0.05). The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels of MCT group, RTS group and SEN group were (111.72±37.62), (562.97±242.42) and (3 891.40±1 009.44) U/L, respectively; aspartate transaminase (AST) levels were (156.96±64.95), (331.22±120.83) and (2 107.55±532.80) U/L, respectively; and total bilirubin (TBil) levels were (41.66±10.42), (79.43±18.45) and (120.80±17.44) μmol/L, respectively, which were all higher than those of the control group ((31.40±10.98) U/L, (34.66±13.00) U/L and (16.91±2.89) μmol/L, respectively); and the differences were statistically significant (Bonferroni test, all P<0.008 3). There were statistically significant differences in ALT and AST levels between MCT group and RTS group (Bonferroni test, both P<0.008 3), while there was no statistically significant difference in TBil level between two groups ( P>0.008 3). There was statistically significant difference in TBil level between MCT group and SEN group (Bonferroni test, P=0.002), however there were no statistically significant differences in ALT and AST levels between two groups (both P>0.008 3). There were statistically significant differences in ALT, AST and TBil levels between RTS group and SEN group (Bonferroni test, all P<0.008 3). The mouse liver tissues of all three groups showed coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes, subendothelial hemorrhage of central vein, the dilation of hepatic sinusoids, erythrocyte clogging in the space of disse, and destruction of normal lobular structure. In MCT and RTS groups, the main damages were hepatocyte necrosis, sinusoidal dilatation and congestion in zone 3 of the liver acinus, while in SEN group, which were hepatocyte necrosis and sinusoidal congestion in zone 1 and 2 of the liver acinus. The histological changes of mouse liver tissues of MCT group were moderate to severe, and those of RTS group and SEN group were all severe. Conclusions:Acute HSOS mouse models induced by three kinds of PA including MCT, RTS and SEN are successfully established, of which MCT is the most suifable choice.