摘要目的:探讨我国UC患者发生异型增生的危险因素。方法:前瞻性纳入2012年3月1日至2013年12月30日就诊于空军军医大学西京消化病医院、上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院、北京协和医院、上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院、南方医科大学南方医院、中日友好医院、河北医科大学第二医院东院区、四川大学华西医院、解放军总医院第七医学中心、厦门大学附属中山医院和安徽医科大学第一附属医院共11家医院的154例UC患者，随访至2017年12月1日。所有UC患者均需结肠镜检查并行组织病理学评估。采用 t检验和卡方检验进行统计学分析，Cox比例风险模型分析我国UC患者发生异常增生的危险因素。 结果:最终纳入133例UC患者，年龄为(50.0±11.9)岁，诊断年龄为(35.5±11.6)岁，病程为(14.5±6.7)年，结肠镜检查次数为(3.4±1.6)次。共检出21例异型增生患者，未检出结直肠癌患者。单因素分析筛选出诊断年龄(风险比为1.05，95% CI 1.01～1.10， P＝0.009)和广泛结肠型(风险比为2.92，95% CI 0.97～8.79， P＝0.057)是差异有统计学意义的变量。多因素分析结果显示诊断年龄大(风险比为1.06，95% CI 1.02～1.11， P＝0.003)和广泛结肠型(风险比为3.68，95% CI 1.21～11.19， P＝0.022)均为UC患者发生异型增生的独立危险因素。广泛结肠型UC患者异型增生的累积发病率高于左半结肠型患者[24.3%(17/70)比6.3%(4/63)]，差异有统计学意义( χ2＝8.023， P＝0.005)。 结论:广泛结肠型和诊断年龄大是我国UC患者发生异型增生的2个独立危险因素。应加强对长病程广泛结肠型UC患者的癌变监测。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the risk factors of dysplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in China.Methods:From March 1st, 2012 to December 30th, 2013, a total of 154 UC patients were prospectively enrolled from the following 11 hospitals, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Nanfang Hospital affiliated to Southern Medical University, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, West China Hospital affiliated to Sichuan University, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, and the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The patients were followed up till December 1st, 2017. All the UC patients underwent colon endoscopy and histopathological evaluation. T test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Cox proportional risk model was used for identifying the risk factors of dysplasia in UC patients. Results:Finally, 133 UC patients were enrolled, the age was (50.0±11.9) years, the diagnosis age was (35.5±11.6) years, the course of disease was (14.5±6.7) years, and the number of endoscopic examinations was (3.4±1.6) times. A total of 21 patients were detected with dysplasia. No patients were detected with colorectal cancer. The results of univariate analysis revealed that the diagnosis age (hazard ratio ( HR)=1.05, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.01 to 1.10, P=0.009) and extensive colitis ( HR=2.92, 95% CI 0.97 to 8.79, P=0.057) were factors with statistically significant difference. The results of multivariate analysis revealed that the old age at diagnosis ( HR=1.06, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.11, P=0.003) and extensive colitis ( HR=3.68, 95% CI 1.21 to 11.19, P=0.022) were independent risk factors of dysplasia in UC patients. The cumulative incidence of dysplasia of UC patients with extensive colitis was higher than that of patients with left-sided colitis (24.3%, 17/70 vs. 6.3%, 4/63), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.023, P=0.005). Conclusions:Extensive colitis and older age at diagnosis are two independent risk factors of dysplasia in UC patients of our country. The cancer monitoring should be strengthened in UC patients with long course of disease and extensive colitis.