摘要目的:探讨肝细胞肝癌(HCC)组织中程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)的表达与临床病理参数和预后的相关性。方法:连续纳入2008年1月至2016年12月在南通大学附属南通第三医院接受手术的344例HCC患者，应用组织芯片结合免疫组织化学方法检测病理石蜡样本HCC组织中PD-L1的表达，分析PD-L1在肿瘤细胞和肿瘤浸润免疫细胞中的表达与HCC临床病理参数和预后的相关性，探讨影响患者预后的相关因素。统计学方法采用卡方检验、log-rank检验、单因素和多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析。结果:PD-L1阳性信号定位于HCC肿瘤细胞和肿瘤浸润免疫细胞的细胞膜和(或)细胞质上。肿瘤细胞中PD-L1阳性表达率为21.8%(75/344)。肿瘤细胞中PD-L1的阳性表达与肿瘤组织学分级、微血管侵犯有关，组织学分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级患者的PD-L1表达阳性率分别为7.7%(2/26)、16.5%(19/115)、26.6%(54/203)，有微血管侵犯和无微血管侵犯的患者PD-L1表达阳性率分别为29.3%(34/116)、18.0%(41/228)，差异均有统计学意义( χ2＝7.659、5.787， P＝0.022、0.016)。肿瘤浸润免疫细胞PD-L1阳性表达率为47.1%(162/344)。肿瘤浸润免疫细胞中PD-L1的表达与微血管侵犯有关，有微血管侵犯和无微血管侵犯的患者PD-L1阳性表达率分别为56.9%(66/116)、42.1%(96/228)，差异有统计学意义( χ2＝6.751， P＝0.009)。HCC肿瘤细胞中PD-L1阴性表达患者的中位生存时间为61个月(30个月，92个月)，PD-L1阳性患者为16个月(6个月，44个月)，差异有统计学意义( χ2＝55.722， P<0.01)。多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示，PD-L1在HCC肿瘤细胞中的表达是影响总生存时间的独立危险因素[风险比( HR)＝3.090, P<0.01]。 结论:PD-L1在HCC组织肿瘤细胞中的表达可能与肿瘤恶性程度、侵袭性相关，并且可能是潜在的预后危险因素。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the correlation between the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues.Methods:From January 2008 to December 2016, 344 HCC patients underwent surgery in Nantong Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University were enrolled. The expression of PD-L1 in paraffin HCC tissues was detected by tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. The correlation between the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of HCC patients were analyzed. And the related factors affecting the prognosis of patients were explored. Chi-square test, log-rank test and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results:Positive PD-L1 located in the membrane and/or cytoplasm of HCC tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. The positive rate of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was 21.8%(75/344). The expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells was related to histological grade and microvascular invasion, the positive rates of PD-L1 expression of patients with histological gradeⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 7.7% (2/26), 16.5% (19/115) and 26.6% (54/203), respectively, the positive rates of PD-L1 expression of patients with or without microvascular invasion were 29.3% (34/116) and 18.0% (41/228), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=7.659 and 5.787, P=0.022 and 0.016). The positive expression rate of PD-L1 in tumor-infiltrating immune cells was 47.1% (162/344). The expression of PD-L1 in tumor-infiltrating immune cells was related with microvascular invasion, the positive rates of PD-L1 expression in patients with or without microvascular invasion were 56.9% (66/116) and 42.1% (96/228), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=6.751, P=0.009). The median survival time of patients with negative expression of PD-L1 in HCC tumor cells was 61 months (30 months, 92 months), while that of patients with positive PD-L1 expression was 16 months(6 months, 44 months), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=55.722, P<0.01). The expression of PD-L1 in HCC tumor cells was an independent risk factor affecting overall survival time (hazard ratio=3.090, P<0.01). Conclusions:The expression of PD-L1 in HCC tumor cells may be related to the malignancy and invasion of HCC, and may be a potential risk factor for prognosis.