摘要目的 通过新西兰大白兔活体动物实验模型,探讨改变动、静脉之间压力差对逆行岛状皮瓣成活面积的影响. 方法 选用新西兰大白兔隐动、静脉设计逆行岛状皮瓣的实验模型.实验动物随机分为4组.A组:对照组(保留皮瓣蒂部浅静脉干的完整性);B组:隐动脉部分吻合组(皮瓣内的隐动脉近心端切断后,管径修剪为原来的一半,行端端吻合);C组:静脉干部分吻合组(皮瓣浅静脉干近心端切断后,管径修剪为原来的一半,再行端端吻合);D组:浅静脉干结扎组(皮瓣蒂部浅静脉干予以结扎).术后大体观察皮瓣成活的一般情况,测定皮瓣成活面积并比较皮瓣成活率的差异,应用核素扫描观察皮瓣在不同时间血液分布情况,组织学检测观察皮瓣内的血管分布及血管内的血细胞存在状态. 结果 B组皮瓣成活率为(82.27±11.71)％,高于A、C和D组[分别为(47.70±11.18)％、(61.26±13.93)％和(61.38±12.67)％],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B组与A组相比,差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.05).核素扫描结果显示B组可见到明显的放射性物质通过,A、C、D组放射性物质均为一过性存在.术后10 d时,组织学观察显示B组与其他组相比可见较多毛细血管再生及血细胞存留. 结论 通过增加皮瓣动脉血供可增加皮瓣的成活面积,单纯促进静脉回流不能有效提高皮瓣的成活率.

abstractsObjective To investigate the effects of changing the arteriovenous pressure difference on the survival area of reverse island flap in New Zealand white rabbits models.Methods The saphenous artery and saphenous vein of New Zealand rabbits were selected to design experimental models of reverse island flap.Experi mental rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:group A:control group (reserved pedicle integrity of superficial veins);group B:part anastomosis of saphenous artery group (the distal saphenous artery of the flap was cut,then trimmed its original diameter to half and done end-to-end anastomosis);group C:part anastomosis of vein group (distal superficial veins was cut,then trimmed its original diameter to half and done end-to-end anastomosis);group D:ligated superficial veins group (pedicle superficial veins was ligated).After surgery,the flaps were measured by general observation.Blood distribution at different times of the flaps was detected by radionuclide scans.Survival area of the flap was measured to compare the survival rate of flap.Distribution of blood vessels and the state of blood cells were observed by Histological examination.Results The flap survival rate was (82.27-± 11.71)％ in group B,showing significant differences when compared with that group A (47.70-± 11.18)％,group C (47.70 ± 11.18)％ and group D (47.70 ± 11.18)％ (P ＜ 0.05).Radionuclide scans showed that the radioactive material in group B could be seen clearly,the radioactive material in groups A,C and D were a transient existence.Ten days postoperatively,histological observation showed that group B had more capillary regeneration and blood cells remain compared with other groups.Conclusion Increase the blood supply can increase the survival area of the reverse island flap,and simply promote the venous drainage can not effectively improve the survival rate of the flap.