摘要目的 评价“杂交”手术治疗6月龄内小婴儿主动脉缩窄合并室间隔缺损的早期治疗结果.方法 2010年1月至2011年7月,20例小婴儿主动脉缩窄合并室间隔缺损患儿,手术年龄(56±45)天,体重(4.5±1.6)kg.主动脉缩窄压差30 ～56 mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),其中5例伴主动脉弓发育不良;室间隔缺损8 ～ 16 mm.均行“杂交”手术治疗.结果 全组无手术及围术期死亡.围术期并发症4例(20％).术中造影发现主动脉弓缩窄最严重处直径为1.5 ～ 3.4 mm,选择最大球囊直径4～12 mm,扩张后即刻主动脉缩窄处压差为0～ 27 mm Hg.全组体外循环40～ 87 min,主动脉阻断20 ～ 41min,无延迟关胸.术后患儿机械通气(2.2±1.4)天,住监护室(5±3)天.患儿均随访(10.0±3.6)个月,主动脉弓缩窄扩张处末见有动脉瘤发生,无气道受压.末次随访2例患儿主动脉弓残余梗阻,压差12 ～ 35 mm Hg,再次手术干预.结论 主动脉弓缩窄球囊扩张联合体外循环下室间隔缺损修补手术治疗小婴儿主动脉缩窄合并室间隔缺损可以避免深低温停循环,具有较高的安全性,早期疗效满意.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the early clinical efficaoy of hybrid procedure for infants less than six months old with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta.Methods From January 2010 to July 2011,20 patients with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta received hybrid procedure in our center.The body weight was (4.5 ± 1.6) kg ( ranged from 1.9 kg to 6.5 kg) and the age was ( 56 ± 45 ) days ( ranged from 18 days to 6 months).The pressure gradient of the coarctation of the aorta ranged from 30 mm Hg to 56 mm Hg,5 patients of them were diagnosed as hypoplasty of aortic arch.The size of the ventricular septal defect ranged from 8 mm to 16 mm.Results The mortality was zero in all the 20 cases during the surgery,and the mobidity was 20％ (4/20).The complications were pneumonia in 2 cases,infective endocarditis in 1 case and pneumothorax in 1 case.The diameter of coarctation of the aorta ranged from 1.5 mm to 3.4 mm,and the size of the balloon ranged from 4 mm to 12 mm.The pressure gradient of the coarctation of the aorta decreased to 0 to 27 mm Hg.The bypass time ranged from 40 minutes to 87 minutes,and the crossclamp time of the aorta ranged from 20 minutes to 41minutes.The atrial septal defects were repaired and the patent ductuses were ligated during the surgery without leaving the sternum open.The total operation time was (4.0 ± 0.7 ) hours ( ranging from 3.0 hours to 5.2 hours).The mean ventilation time was (2.2 ± 1.4) days and mean ICU stay time was (5 ± 3 ) days.All the patients were followed up for ( 10.0 ± 3.6) months without aneurysm in arch and obstruction in airway.The residual obstructive pressurc gradicnt in the aortic arch ranged from 12 mm Hg to 35 mm Hg and 2 patients received reintervention.One patient received re-balloon dilation and the other received surgery.The cardiac function reached NYHA Ⅰ - Ⅱ in all eases.Conclusion The early outcome of the hybrid procedure (balloon dilation of the coartation of the aorta and surgical repair of ventricular septal defect) for infants with ventricular septal defect and coarctation of aorta was satisfying,which could avoid from circulatory arrest.It is a relatively safe procedure which could be the optional method for one-stage surgical repair.