摘要目的:探讨自然杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体（KIR）与人类白细胞抗原（HLA）受配体模式对血液病患者单份非血缘脐血移植（sUCBT）预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2012年7月至2018年6月270例接受sUCBT的血液病患者。移植前脐血及患者均进行HLA12个位点高分辨配型，选择移植物（脐血）的KIR均同时表达2DL1和2DL2/2DL3抑制性基因，根据患者KIR配体情况分为缺失组（C1/C1或C2/C2）和无缺失组（C1/C2）。结果:270例血液病患者中男146例（54.1%），女124例（45.9%），中位年龄13（1~62）岁；缺失组174例（64.4%），无缺失组96例（35.6%）。全部患者均采用不含抗胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）清髓性预处理方案。缺失组、无缺失组粒细胞植入率均为98.9%（172/174、95/96），中位植入时间分别为16（10~41）d、17（11~33）d（ P=0.705）；血小板植入率分别为88.5%（154/174）、87.5%（84/96），中位植入时间分别为35（11~113）d、38.5（13~96）d（ P=0.317）；缺失组、无缺失组Ⅱ~Ⅳ级急性GVHD发生率分别为38.7%（95% CI 31.4%~45.9%）、50.0%（95% CI 39.6%~59.6%）（ P=0.075），多因素分析显示KIR配体缺失是影响Ⅱ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD发生的独立保护性因素（ P=0.036）。移植后3年累积复发率分别为17.7%（95% CI 11.7%~24.9%）、22.7%（95% CI 14.4%~32.2%）（ P=0.288）。中位随访时间742（335~2 512）d，缺失组、无缺失组3年总生存率分别为72.1%（95% CI 64.1%~78.6%）、60.5%（95% CI 47.9%~69.2%）（ χ2=3.629， P=0.079），3年无病生存率分别为64.9%（95% CI 56.2%~72.3%）、55.4%（95% CI 44.4%~65.0%）（ χ2=3.027， P=0.082），移植后180 d非复发死亡率分别为12.1%（95% CI 7.7%~17.4%）、16.7%（95% CI 10.0%~24.8%）（ P=0.328）。 结论:在不含ATG清髓性预处理sUCBT血液病治疗体系中，缺失抑制性KIR配体患者移植后急性GVHD发生率更低。

abstractsObjective:To explore the impact of the natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor/human leukocyte antigen (KIR/HLA) receptor-ligand model in single unrelated cord blood transplantation (sUCBT) .Methods:Between July 2012 and June 2018, 270 patients with malignant hematologic diseases receiving single-unit UCBT were divided into two groups. Group 1 ( n=174) patients lacked a C-ligand for inhibitory KIR on UCB NK cells (patients homozygous C1/C1 or C2/C2) . Group 2 ( n=96) patients expressed both C ligands for inhibitory KIR in the receptor (patients heterozygous C1/C2) . Results:A total of 270 patients (146 males, 124 females) with a median age of 13 years (1-62) were included in this retrospective study. All patients received a myeloablative conditioning regimen (without ATG) . The ratio of neutrophil engraftment for group 1 and 2 were both 98.9%, the median time of neutrophil engraftment for group 1 and 2 was 16 (10-41) days vs 17 (11-33) days ( P=0.705) . The ratio of platelet engraftment was 88.5% for group 1 and 87.5% for group 2, the median time of platelet engraftment was 35 (11-113) days vs 38.5 (13-96) days ( P=0.317) . The cumulative incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD in 100 days was 38.7% (95% CI 31.4%-45.9%) for group 1 and 50.0% (95% CI 39.6%-59.6%) for group 2 ( P=0.075) , but multivariate analysis showed that HLA-C ligand absence was an independent protective factor for Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD after transplantation ( P=0.036) . Patients in absence of a C-ligand for inhibitory KIRs (Group 1) showed a lower relapse rate than patients with both C-ligands (group 2) : 17.7% (95% CI 11.7%-24.9%) vs 22.7% (95% CI 4.4%-32.2%) after 3 years ( P=0.288) . The median follow-up time was 742 (335-2 512) days. The 3-year OS was 72.1% for group 1 and 60.5% for group 2 ( P=0.079) . There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in 3-year disease-free survival [64.9% (95% CI 56.2%-72.3%) vs 55.4% (95% CI 44.4%-65.0%) ( χ2=3.027, P=0.082) ]. Non-relapse mortality for group 1 was 12.1% (95% CI 7.7%-17.4%) and for group 2 was 16.7% (95% CI 10.0%-24.8%) ( P=0.328) . Conclusion:Patients lacking a KIR-ligand of HLA group C1 or C2 had a lower incidence of grades Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD after sUCBT.