摘要目的:提高对脾切除术治疗普通变异型免疫缺陷病合并血细胞减少的认识。方法:报告1例脾切除治疗普通变异型免疫缺陷病合并血细胞减少病例并进行文献复习。结果:患者，女，16岁，因发现血小板减少8年入院。患者于青少年期发病，以反复血小板减少伴白细胞减少为主，感染症状较轻，脾肿大，血浆免疫球蛋白水平明显减低，诊断为普通变异型免疫缺陷病。给予足量静脉注射免疫球蛋白替代治疗后行脾切除术，脾脏病理示脾功能亢进，术后血细胞恢复正常水平。结论:普通变异型免疫缺陷病临床表现多样，可合并脾肿大、血细胞减少，在足量静脉注射免疫球蛋白替代治疗的前提下，对于反复血细胞减少的脾肿大患者，脾切除是一种安全有效的治疗方式。

abstractsObjective:To improve the understanding of splenectomy for treating common variable immunodeficiency complicated with cytopenia.Methods:A case of common variable immunodeficiency complicated with cytopenia was reported, and the literature was reviewed.Results:The patient, female, 16 years old, was hospitalized for eight years due to thrombocytopenia; she manifested recurrent thrombocytopenia with leukopenia since adolescence. The patient was diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency with repeated mild infections, splenomegaly, and significantly reduced plasma immunoglobulin levels. Additionally, splenectomy was performed with adequate immunoglobulin replacement therapy, and the pathology confirmed hypersplenism; her blood cell level returned to normal after surgery.Conclusions:Common variable immunodeficiency has various clinical manifestations and can be complicated with cytopenia. Under the premise of adequate immunoglobulin replacement therapy, splenectomy is a safe and effective treatment for common variable immunodeficiency in patients with recurrent cytopenia.