摘要血浆置换(PE)是利用血细胞分离机在体外将患者血液分离成血浆和血细胞成分,弃去含有害致病物质的血浆,用等量置换液代替,再将血细胞成分和血浆置换液一起回输到患者体内的一种治疗性血液成分置换治疗方法;通过降低循环中的抗体、异常血浆蛋白或细胞因子等致病性大分子物质从而改善疾病进程.PE治疗对首次发病但糖皮质激素治疗抵抗的视神经脊髓炎相关视神经炎(NMO-ON)有良好的治疗效果.美国血浆透析学会临床治疗指南将PE治疗急性期视神经炎评价为推荐等级1B,Ⅱ类适应证推荐.在开展PE治疗NMO-ON等疾病时,应把严格握好治疗适应证与禁忌症,规范优化治疗流程与方案,重视常见不良事件及其预防和管理.开展多中心临床合作及高水平的临床随机对照研究,进一步深入探讨PE治疗NMO-ON的时间窗、最优方案和治疗方式、疗效及预后的影响机制是今后值得注意的问题.

abstractsPlasma exchange (PE) is a therapeutic blood component replacement method. The blood of patients is first separated into plasma and blood cell components using a blood cell separator in vitro, the plasma containing harmful pathogenic substances is then discarded and replaced with the same volume of exchange solution. Finally the separated blood cells together with the exchange solution are returned back to the blood circulation of patients. By reducing the circulating antibodies, abnormal plasma proteins or cytokines and other pathogenic molecules, PE can block the disease process. PE has a good therapeutic effect on neuromyelitis optica-related optic neuritis (NMO-ON), which shows resistant to glucocorticoid therapy for the first onset. The American Society for Apheresis guideline evaluates PE for acute optic neuritis as a recommended grade 1B, type II indication. In the implementation of PE treatment for NMO-ON and other diseases, indications and contraindications should be strictly adhered to the guideline, treatment procedures and protocols should be optimized, common adverse events and its prevention and management should be known and alerted. It is important to conduct multi-center clinical cooperation and a high standard clinical randomized controlled study, to find out the optimal time window, the best protocol, and the associated factors for the efficacy and prognosis of PE in NMO-ON.