摘要目的 观察视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)伴黄斑水肿(ME)患者抗VEGF药物治疗前后黄斑区微血管结构变化.方法 回顾性病例研究.2016年11月至2018年6月在北京医院眼科检查确诊的单眼颞侧BRVO伴ME(BRVO-ME)患者32例32只眼纳入研究,其中,男性14例14只眼,女性18例18只眼.平均年龄(57.81±10.58)岁;平均病程(12.13±7.13)d.将BRVO-ME眼静脉阻塞侧定义为受累侧.双眼均行BCVA、OCT血管成像(OCTA)检查.患眼行玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物治疗,每一个月1次,连续3个月.采用OCTA仪对双眼黄斑区3 mm×3 mm范围进行扫描,测量治疗前后视网膜浅层毛细血管层(SCP)、深层毛细血管层(DCP)血流密度,黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积、周长(PERIM)、非圆度指数(AI)以及FAZ范围300 μm宽度内的血流密度(FD-300),中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT).治疗前后黄斑区血流密度、FAZ参数比较行配对t检验;治疗前血流密度与BCVA、FAZ面积关系采用一元线性相关回归分析.结果 治疗前,与对侧健康眼比较,BRVO-ME眼黄斑区SCP、DCP血流密度降低,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.589,9.753,P=-0.000、0.000);PERIM、AI增加,FD-300降低,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.054、4.988、2.963,P=0.000、0.000、0.006);FAZ面积扩大,但差异无统计学意义(t=0.928,P=0.361).相关性分析结果显示,治疗前BCVA、FAZ面积分别与受累侧DCP血流密度呈正相关和负相关(r=0.462、-0.387,P＜0.05).连续3次治疗后,BRVO-ME眼CRT下降,BCVA提高,FD-300降低,差异均有统计学意义(t=9.865、-10.573、3.256,P＜0.05);PERIM、AI无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(t=0.520、2.004,P=0.607、0.054);黄斑区SCP血流密度降低,差异有统计学意义(t=2.814,P=0.008);DCP血流密度变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.661,P=0.514),但与第1次治疗后比较,第2次治疗后DCP血流密度增加,差异有统计学意义(t=3.132,P=0.004);FAZ面积扩大,差异有统计学意义(t=5.340,P=0.000);每次治疗后,FAZ面积逐渐扩大,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.907、3.742、2.203,P＜0.05).结论 BRVO-ME眼SCP、DCP血流密度降低,且DCP血流密度与BCVA呈正相关,与FAZ面积呈负相关;抗VEGF药物治疗后,SCP血流密度下降,DCP血流密度增加,FAZ面积逐渐扩大,PERIM和AI无明显变化.

abstractsObjective To observe the alterations ofmicrovascular structure in patients with macular edema (ME) associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) before and after anti-VEGF drug therapy.Methods A retrospective case study.Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with unilateral BRVO-ME at Department of Ophthalmology in Beijing Hospital during November 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled in this study.There were 14 males (14 eyes) and 18 females (18 eyes),with the mean age of 57.81 ± 10.58 years,and the mean course of the disease of 12.13 ± 7.13 d.The affected eyes was defined as the eyes with BRVO-ME.All the affected eyes received intravitreal anti-VEGF drug injections (3+PRN).BCVA and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed on the BRVO and fellow eyes before and after intravitreal anti-VEGF drug injections.The scanning region in the macular area was 3 mm × 3 mm.Macular blood flow density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP),macular hemodynamics parameters [foveal avascular area (FAZ) area,perimeter (PERIM),acircularity index (AI) and vessel density within a 300um width ring surrounding the FAZ (FD-300)] and central retinal thickness (CRT) were measured in all eyes.Paired samples t-test and Univariate Linear Regression were used in this study.Results Comparing with fellow eyes,the mean macular blood flow density measured in the entire scan was lower in BRVO-ME eyes in the SCP (t=6.589,P=0.000) and DCP (~9.753,P=0.000),PERIM (t=4.054,P=0.000)),AI enlarged in BRVO-ME eyes (t=4.988,P=0.000),FD-300 was lower in BRVO-ME eyes (t=2.963,P=0.006),FAZ area enlarged in BRVO-ME eyes (t=0.928,P=-0.361).The blood flow density in the DCP was the parameter most significantly correlated with BCVA and FAZ area (r=0.462,-0.387;P＜.05).After 3 intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drug,the CRT and FD-300 decreased,BCVA increased (t=9.865,3.256,-10.573;P＜0.05),PERIM and AI was not changed significantly (t=0.520,2.004;P＞0.05).The blood flow density in the SCP decreased (t=2.814,P＜0.05),but the blood flow density in the DCP was not changed significantly (t=0.661,P=-0.514).Contrarily,comparing with after 1 antiVEGF drug injection,the blood flow density in the DCP increased after 2 anti-VEGF drug injections (t=3.132,P＜0.05).FAZ area enlarged in BRVO-ME eyes (t=5.340,P＜0.001).Comparing with last anti-VEGF drug injection,FAZ area enlarged after every anti-VEGF drug injection (t=2.907,3.742,2.203;P＜0.05).Conclusions In BRVO-ME eyes,the blood flow density in the SCP and DCP are decreased.The blood flow density in the DCP is positively correlated with BCVA and negatively correlated with FAZ area.After antiVEGF drug therapy,the blood flow density is decreased in the SCP and increased in the DCP,FAZ area enlarged gradually,PERIM and AI are not changed significantly.