摘要目的 探讨热电厂工人每日紧张感的流行病学特征及其相关因素.方法 采用普查的方法,于2008年7月对郑州某热电厂498名在职工人进行每日紧张感及相关因素问卷调查,所用问卷包括《每日紧张感问卷》、《工作角色问卷》、《工作内容问卷(中文版)》、《付出-回报失衡问卷(中文版)》、《工作心理控制源量表》和《A型行为量表》,问卷内容包括人口统计学特征和职业紧张相关因素.将每日紧张感按评分分成低强度与高强度组,分析热电厂工人每日紧张感的流行病学特征及相关因素.结果 调查共收回有效问卷446份,有效应答率为89.6％ (446/498).调查对象的年龄为(36.96±6.49)岁,现工龄为(12.05±7.54)年,每日紧张感的总体评分为(9.01±2.50)分,高强度每日紧张感者占34.1％ (152/446).多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,现工龄5～14年(OR=0.451,95％ CI:0.225～0.904)、月平均收入＞3000元(OR=0.372,95％ CI:0.202～0.684)、回报(OR=0.557,95％CI:0.325～0.954)和应付策略(OR=0.552,95％ CI:0.330 ～0.925)与每日紧张感呈负相关；轮班作业(OR=1.887,95％ CI:1.108 ～3.215)、外在付出(OR =2.053,95％ CI:1.198～3.519)、心理需求(OR=1.797,95％ CI:1.049～3.078)和负性情绪(OR=3.421,95％ CI:2.065～5.668)与每日紧张感呈正相关.结论 热电厂工人高强度每日紧张感的比例较高,其负相关因素为现工龄5 ～ 14年、月平均收入＞3000元、回报和应付策略,正相关因素为轮班作业、外在付出、心理需求和负性情绪.

abstractsObjective This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and correlated factors of daily hassles among thermal power plant workers.Methods A mass screening of daily hassles and correlated factors was conducted on 498 workers from a thermal power plant in Zhengzhou in July,2008.The questionnaires included Daily Hassles Questionnaires,Work Roles Questionnaires,Job Content Questionnaires( Chinese version ),Effort-Reward Imbalance( Chinese version),Work Locus of Control Scale and Type A Behavior Scale,with content covering demographic characters and occupational stress correlated factors among subjects.The daily hassles was divided into lower level and higher level according to scores,and the epidemiological characteristics and correlated factors of daily hassles were analyzed.Results A total of 446qualified questionnaires were obtained,effective response rate was 89.6％ ( 446/498 ).For respondents,the age was (36.96 ±6.49) years old,working length of the current job was( 12.05 ±7.54) years,the daily hassles scores was(9.01 ± 2.50 ),and the prevalence rate of the higher level of daily hassles was 34.1 ％(152/446).The multiple non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed 5 - 14 years' working length of current job ( OR =0.451,95 ％ CI:0.225 - 0.904 ),average income ＞ 3000 yuan ( OR =O.372,95 ％ CI:0.202 - 0.684 ),reward ( OR =0.557,95 ％ CI:0.325 - 0.954 ) and coping strategy ( OR =0.552,95 ％ CI:0.330 -0.925 )were negatively correlated with daily hassles,and shift-work (OR =1.887,95％ CI:1.108 -3.215 ),effort ( OR =2.053,95％ CI:1.198 - 3.519 ),psychological demand ( OR =1.797,95％ CI:1.049 - 3.078 ),negative affectivity ( OR =3.421,95 ％ CI:2.065 - 5.668 ) were positively correlated with daily hassles.Conclusion The prevalence rate of the higher level of daily hassles was considerable high for thermal power plant workers.Its negative correlated factors included 5 - 14 years' working length of the current job,average income ＞ 3000 yuan,reward and coping strateg and its positive corelated factors included shift-work,effort,psychological demand and negative affectivity.