摘要目的 分析戊型肝炎病毒感染的危险因素.方法 检索国内外公开发表的关于HEV感染相关因素的文章,以“戊型肝炎”、“危险因素”、“影响因素”和“病例对照研究”为关键词,检索中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库;以“HEV”、“risk factors”、“epidemiology”、“casecontrol”为英文检索词,检索EBSCO和PubMed数据库,并辅以文献追溯等方法,时间范围从1994年1月至2012年12月,共检索到258篇文献,运用Stata 11.0软件进行统计分析,运用Meta分析的方法计算合并OR(95％ CI)值.结果 共纳入21篇文献,累计病例3566例,对照14 724名.戊型肝炎病毒感染因素的单因素分析结果为:外出就餐史、食用水产品、喝生水、饭前不洗手、合用卫生设施、动物接触史、不洁饮食史、接触患者史、饮酒史、男性的OR(95％ CI)值分别为2.13(1.62 ～2.81)、2.21(1.76～3.31)、2.04(1.13～3.71)、1.72(1.07 ～2.77)、2.53(1.73 ～3.70)、2.00(1.58 ～2.52)、1.56(1.18 ～2.05)、2.33(1.92 ～2.83)、2.56(1.42 ～4.63)、1.64(1.15 ～2.33);多因素分析结果为:外出就餐史、食用水产品、喝生水、饭前不洗手、合用卫生设施、不洁饮食史、动物接触史、接触患者史、饮酒史、男性的OR(95％ CI)值分别为2.04(1.68 ～2.48)、2.31(1.70～3.15)、1.43(1.10～1.85)、2.01(1.46～2.77)、2.28(1.48 ～3.51)、2.16(2.06 ～2.26)、2.17(1.55 ～3.04)、2.32(1.68 ～3.21)、1.66(1.31～2.10)、1.67(1.46 ～ 1.92).结论 外出就餐史、食用水产品、喝生水、饭前不洗手、合用卫生设施、动物接触史、不洁饮食史、接触患者史、饮酒史、性别(男性)是HEV感染的独立危险因素.

abstractsObjective To analyze the main risk factors of hepatitis E virus infection.Methods Literatures published in China and abroad about the risk factors on the transmission of HEV were searched.HEV,risk factors,epidemiology and case-control were used as keywords to retrieve papers in Chinese literature databases including CNKI,Wanfang and SinoMed databases.The same strategy was used to retrieve English papers in English literature database including EBSCO and PubMed databases,supplemented by literature tracing method.Time range was from January 1994 to December 2012.A total of 258 papers were collected.Stata 11.0 software was used to calculate combined odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence internals(CI).Results A total of 21 studies was included in this Meta-analysis,which contained 3566 cases and 14 724 controls.The results of univariate analysis including OR(95％ CI):Dining out:2.13 (1.62-2.81),consumption of aquatic products:2.21 (1.76-3.31),unboiled water:2.04 (1.13-3.71),not washing hands before meals:1.72 (1.07-2.77),common health facilities:2.53 (1.73-3.70),touching animals:2.00 (1.58-2.52),consumption of contaminated food:1.56 (1.18-2.05),contacting with patients:2.33 (1.92-2.83),drinking alcohol:2.56 (1.42-4.63) and gender (male):1.64(1.15-2.33).The results of multivariate analysis including OR(95％ CI):Dining out:2.04 (1.68-2.48),consumption of aquatic products:2.31 (1.70-3.15),unboiled water:1.43 (1.10-1.85),not washing hands before meals:2.01 (1.46-2.77),common health facilities:2.28 (1.48-3.51),consumption of contaminated food:2.16 (2.06-2.26),touching animals:2.17 (1.55-3.04),contacting with patients:2.32 (1.68-3.21),drinking alcohol:1.66 (1.31-2.10) and gender (male):1.67 (1.46-1.92).Conclusion The independent risk factors of HEV infection were dining out,consumption of aquatic products,unboiled water,not washing hands before meals,common health facilities,touching animals,consumption of contaminated food,contacting with patients,drinking alcohol and gender (male).