摘要目的 探讨职业紧张和付出-回报失衡对在职民警睡眠质量的影响.方法 于2011年5月采用随机整群的抽样方法,对某市公安局287名在职民警进行睡眠质量和职业紧张相关因素的问卷调查;并采用付出-回报失衡模型(ERI)及需求-控制-支持模型(DCS)对睡眠质量与职业紧张相关因素的关系进行单因素方差分析和多因素非条件logistic回归分析,并以ERI系数、DCS系数1.0为界,把研究对象分为高紧张组和低紧张组.结果 轮班警察的睡眠质量评分高于白班警察[(11.95 ±6.54)比(9.52±6.43)分,￡=2.77,P＜0.05];ERI模型中,高紧张组的睡眠质量评分高于低紧张组[(14.50±6.41)比(8.60±5.53)分,t=-5.32,P＜0.01];DCS模型中,高紧张组的睡眠质量评分高于低紧张组[(13.71±6.62)比(9.46±6.04)分,t=-3.71,P＜0.01].ERI模型为自变量的回归分析中,性别(OR=3.0,95％ CI:1.16 ～7.73)、30 ～ 39岁(OR=3.48,95％ CI:1.32～9.16)、内在付出(OR =2.30,95％ CI:1.10 ～4.81)和每日紧张感(OR =2.15,95％ CI:1.06～4.33)是睡眠质量低的危险因素,回报(OR=0.26,95％ CI:0.12 ～0.52)是睡眠质量的保护因素;以DCS模型为自变量的回归分析中,30 ～ 39岁(0R=2.55,95％ CI:1.02 ～6.37)、抑郁症状(OR =2.10,95％ CI:1.14～3.89)和每日紧张感(OR=3.25,95％CI:1.70 ～6.19)是睡眠质量的危险因素;两种模型同时分析时,性别(OR=3.03,95％ CI:1.15～7.98)、30 ～ 39岁(OR =3.71,95％ CI:1.38 ～9.98)和每日紧张感(OR =2.09,95％ CI:1.01 ～4.30)是睡眠质量的危险因素,回报(OR=0.22,95％ CI:0.10 ～0.48)是睡眠质量的保护因素.结论 职业紧张及付出-回报失衡会影响在职民警的睡眠质量.

abstractsObjective To explore the effect of occupational stress and effort-reward imbalance on sleep quality of people's police.Methods A cluster sampling survey of sleep quality and occupational stress correlated factors was conducted on 287 police from a city public security bureau by questionnaires in May,2011; the relationship between sleep quality and occupational stress correlated factors was analyzed by oneway ANOVA and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression using effort-reward imbalance model (ERI) and demand-control-support model (DCS).And the subjects were divided into high tension group and low tension group using the 1.0 of ERI and DCS coefficients as the boundary.Results The sleep quality score of shift work police was higher than day work police(11.95 ±6.54 vs 9.52 ±6.43,t =2.77,P ＜0.05).In ERI model,the sleep quality score in high tension group was higher than low tension group (14.50 ± 6.41 vs 8.60 ±5.53,t =-5.32,P ＜0.01),and in DCS model,the sleep quality score in high tension group was also higher than low tension group (13.71 ±6.62 vs 9.46 ±6.04,t =-3.71,P ＜0.01).For the regression analysis of ERI model as an argument,sex(OR =3.0,95％ CI:1.16-7.73),age for 30-39 years (OR =3.48,95％ CI:1.32-9.16),intrinsic effort (OR =2.30,95％ CI:1.10-4.81) and daily hassles (OR =2.15,95％CI:1.06-4.33)were risk factors of low sleep quality,and reward (OR =0.26,95％ CI:0.12-0.52) was the protective factor.For the regression analysis of DCS model as an argument,age for 30-39 years (OR =2.55,95％ CI:1.02-6.37),depressive symptom (OR =2.10,95％ CI:1.14-3.89) and daily hassles(OR =3.25,95％ CI:1.70-6.19) were risk factors of low sleep quality.While the ERI model and the DCS model were analyzed simultaneously,sex (OR =3.03,95 ％ CI:1.15-7.98),age for 30-39 years (OR =3.71,95 ％ CI:1.38-9.98) and daily hassles (OR =2.09,95 ％ CI:1.01-4.30) were the risk factors of low sleep quality,and reward (OR=0.22,95％CI:0.10-0.48) was the protective factor.Conclusion Occupational stress and effort-reward imbalance affected the sleep quality to people's policeman.