摘要目的 分析北京市居民发生流感样症状发生情况及相关的健康行为因素.方法 于2013年12月6日至2014年1月16日,在北京市采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取30个乡镇(街道) 150个村(居)委会共7354名在北京市居住满6个月的≥18岁居民,通过自填匿名问卷的方法对其进行横断面研究,回收有效问卷7327份,调查内容包括人口学特征、过去2周内流感样症状发生情况和既往健康行为习惯.应用非条件多因素logistic回归模型分析流感样症状发生的相关因素.结果调查对象的年龄为(44.6±15.2)岁,流感样症状的发生率为6.9%(506例).多因素分析显示,与不坚持锻炼身体者相比,坚持锻炼者发生流感样症状的OR(95%CI)值为0.80(0.66~0.97);与不具备良好洗手习惯者相比,具备良好洗手习惯者发生流感样症状的OR(95%CI)值为0.75(0.57~0.99);与在流感等呼吸道传染病流行期间不减少去人群密集场所者相比,减少去人群密集场所者发生流感样症状的OR(95%CI)值为0.80(0.65~0.98).结论 个人健康行为与流感等呼吸道传染病的发生存在相关性,提示促进健康行为能够有效预防呼吸道传染病的传播.

abstractsObjective The objective was to identify the incidence of influenza-like syndromes and related health behavior factors among Beijing residents.Methods From December 6,2013 to January 16, 2014, we selected 150 villages or communities from 30 towns or streets as survey locations using a multi-stage random sampling method,and then conducted a cross-sectional study among 7 354 residents who aged 18 years or above and had live in Beijing for more than a half year using self-administered anonymous questionnaires, and totally 7 327 valid questionnaires are collected. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, self-reported influenza-like syndromes in the past two weeks, and health behaviors.Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with self-reported influenza-like syndromes. Results The mean (SD) age of the partcipants was 44.6 (15.2) years. Among them, 6.9% (506 cases) reported having influenza like illness during the past two weeks. The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that regular physical exercise,optimal hand hygiene,and avoidance of going to the crowded places during respiratory infectious disease epidemics were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting influenza-like syndromes,compared with those without regular physical exercises,without optimal hand hygiene,and not avoiding going to the crowded places,and the OR(95 % CI) were 0.80(0.66-0.97),0.75(0.57-0.99)and 0.80(0.65-0.98),respectively.Conclusion Personal health behaviors were associated with the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza in Beijing,and future interventions to improve personal hygiene behaviors are needed to prevent the spread of respiratory infectious diseases.