摘要目的 评估深圳市福田区慢性病高风险人群生活方式干预效果.方法2013年10—11月从深圳市福田区的115个社区中通过简单随机抽样的方法抽取12个,从中筛查出慢性病高风险人群1923名.根据社区来源不同分为干预组和对照组,干预组(住宅型社区5个和城中村型社区3个)共有慢性病高风险人群1338名,对照组(住宅型社区4个)共有慢性病高风险人群585名.进行为期2年的干预和随访.干预组提供以健康生活方式指导为主的健康管理,对照组不主动采取任何形式的干预活动.2015年11—12月共随访1563名(干预组1002名、对照组561名).分析干预后慢性病高风险人群转归及生活方式指标变化情况.结果 干预后干预组慢性病高风险人群转为正常人的占21.8%(219名),转为患者的占15.2%(152例),干预后对照组慢性病高风险人群转为正常人的占9.6% (54名),转为患者的占20.5%(115例),干预组健康状况转归情况优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=-5.67,P<0.001).干预后,干预组正确使用油壶人群的比例从61.00%(61/100)提升至80.00% (280/350),采取控油措施人群所占比例由干预前的36.43%(365/1002)提升到干预后56.99%(571/1002),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);对照组干预前后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预组能够正确使用盐勺人群的比例由81.95%(109/133)提升至97.99%(342/349),采取减盐措施人群所占比例由45.61%(457/1002)提升到62.67%(628/1002),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);对照组干预前后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 通过对2年随访和干预,干预组慢性病高风险人群的转归情况优于对照组,生活方式有所改善,干预收到了较好的效果.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the effect of lifestyle intervention among high risk group of chronic diseases in Shenzhen Futian district.Methods 12 out of 115 communities were randomly selected in Futian district of Shenzhen city from October to November,2013,and 1 923 cases were screened by multiple ways as high risk groups of chronic diseases.High risk groups of chronic diseases were divided into intervention group (1 338 cases,from five residential communities and three villages within city)and control group(585 cases, from four residential communities).The intervention group received group based health education activities as well as lifestyle intervention.The intervention group was provided with health management which was mainly lifestyle intervention.No intervention was implemented in the control group.All participants were followed up over two years.1 563 participants(1 002 in intervention group and 561 in control group)were followed up from October to November,2015.The changes of lifestyle related outcome indicators were analyzed to examine the effect of intervention.Results In the intervention group,21.8%(219 persons)in high risk groups of chronic diseases became healthy individuals and 15.2%(152 persons)became patients with chronic diseases.In the control group, 9.6% (54 persons) in high risk groups of chronic diseases became healthy individuals and 20.5%(115 persons)became patients with chronic diseases.The outcome of the intervention group was better than that of the control group and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=-5.67, P<0.001). The proportion of people who knew how to correctly use of oil control pot in the intervention group increased from 61.00% (61/100) to 80.00%(280/350). The proportion of people who took oil control measures in the intervention group increased from 36.43%(365/1 002)to 56.99%(571/1 002).The changes in the intervention group were statistically different(P<0.001),but there was no statistical difference in the control group over the years(P>0.05).The proportion of people who knew how to correctly use of the salt restriction spoon increased from 81.95% (109/133) to 97.99% (342/349). The proportion of people who took salt control measures increased from 45.61% (457/1 002) to 62.67% (628/1 002) in the intervention group. The changes in the intervention group were statistically different (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the control group over the years (P>0.05). Conclusion The proportion of people who adopted healthy lifestyles has increased after 2 years intervention and the lifestyle intervention demonstrated good effect.