摘要目的 调查厦门市60岁及以上老年人认知功能状况,并分析看电视时长与老年人认知功能的关系.方法 于2016年7—10月,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,选取3 230名60岁及以上的厦门市户籍老人进行问卷调查,运用蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)进行认知功能评估.采用有序logistic回归模型分析看电视时长与认知功能的关系.结果 最终纳入分析的2 944名研究对象为年龄(70.14± 7.81)岁,其中男性1 516名(51.49%).认知功能总体得分为(18.65±6.43)分,其中定向力、记忆力、视空功能、执行功能、注意、语言能力维度得分分别为(5.43±1.17)、(2.33±1.95)、(1.80±1.52)、(1.66± 1.20)、(4.54±1.71)、(4.09±1.64)分.与看电视时长为>0且≤2 h/d的研究对象相比,不看电视者各个维度认知功能得分均较低,记忆力、视空功能、执行功能、注意力、语言能力、定向力维度及总体的OR (95%CI)值分别为0.68(0.48~0.96)、0.67(0.47~0.96)、0.48(0.34~0.67)、0.56(0.41~0.77)、0.45(0.33~0.62)、0.52(0.37~0.73)、0.50(0.35~0.71);看电视时长为>2且≤4 h/d的研究对象执行功能、注意力、语言能力、定向力维度及总体得分较高,OR(95%CI)值分别为1.20(1.02~1.41)、1.41(1.19~1.67)、1.51(1.28~1.77)、1.33(1.08~1.64)、1.24(1.05~1.47).结论 厦门市60岁及以上老年人中看电视时长为>2且≤4 h/d者认知功能较好.

abstractsObjective To explore the cognitive functions of the elderly aged 60 years and above in Xiamen, and whether TV watching time would affect those functions. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on 3 230 registered individuals aged 60 years and above in Xiamen from July to October in 2016 with a multi-stage random sampling method. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to measure cognitive functions and ordinal logistic regression was used to quantify their associations with TV watching time. Results A total of 2 944 respondents were included in this study. The overall age of them was (70.14±7.81) years. 51.49% (n=1 516) of all participants were men. Overall, the mean scores of MoCA in general and each subdomain cognitive function were 18.65±6.43 (general), 5.43±1.17 (orientation), 2.33±1.95 (memory), 1.80±1.52 (visuospatial), 1.66±1.20 (executive), 4.54±1.71 (attention), and 4.09±1.64 (language). Compared to those who watched TV no more than 2 hours per day, the elderly who did not watch TV had a worse performance in general, orientation, memory, visuospatial, executive, attention, language function, with OR (95%CI ) values about 0.50 (0.35-0.71), 0.52 (0.37-0.73), 0.68 (0.48-0.96), 0.67 (0.47-0.96), 0.48 (0.34-0.67), 0.56 (0.41-0.77) and 0.45 (0.33-0.62), respectively. As to respondents who watched TV more than 2 hours but no more than 4 hours per day, they had a better performance in general, executive, attention, language, and orientation function with respective OR (95%CI ) values about 1.24 (1.05-1.47), 1.20 (1.02-1.41), 1.41 (1.19-1.67), 1.51 (1.28-1.77) and 1.33 (1.08-1.64). Conclusion The elderly aged 60 years and above in Xiamen City with TV watching time between 2 and 4 hours per day had a good performance in cognitive functions compared to those with more or less TV watching time.