摘要目的 描述我国2006—2016年自杀死亡及自残/自杀流行病学特征.方法 利用2006—2016年全国死因监测数据和2016年全国伤害监测数据,以中国2000年人口年龄结构标化后死亡率描述自杀变化趋势,描述2016年自杀死亡流行特征、因自残/自杀就诊病例的人口学特征、自杀方式以及严重性等特征.结果 2006—2016年,中国自杀标化死亡率逐年下降,2016年标化自杀死亡率为5.33/10万,与2006年(9.23/10万)相比,下降了42.25%.2016年中国自杀死亡率为7.05/10万,自杀死亡率随年龄增加而升高,85岁及以上老年人自杀死亡率为49.49/10万.2016年因自残/自杀就诊者中,自杀方式前两位为中毒(39.12%)和锐器伤(25.62%),农村人群的第一位自杀方式为中毒(构成比为65.13%),城市人群为锐器伤(29.90%),10~17岁人群为坠落(25.47%).随着年龄增加,自残/自杀所致伤害的严重程度加重,10~17和≥60岁及以上组自残/自杀就诊者中重度伤害比例分别为4.88%和26.86%.结论 中国自杀死亡率持续下降;应特别关注老年人的自杀问题.

abstractsObjective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of suicide death and self?harm/suicide in China from 2006 to 2016. Methods Data in this study are from the datasets of National Death Cause Surveillance from 2006 to 2016 and the National Injury Surveillance Dataset 2016. The age?standardized death rate based on the population census in 2000 was used to describe the trend of suicide over years. This study also described the epidemiological characteristics of suicide death and the demographic characteristics, suicide methods and severity of patients who sought medical help after committing suicide or self?inflicted injury in 2016. Results Age?standardized suicide mortality had been declining from 9.23/100 000 in 2006 to 5.33/100 000 in 2016 by 42.25%. Suicide mortality increased with age. In 2016, the suicide mortality in China was 7.05/100 000, and among people over 85 years old was 49.49/100 000. In 2016, the dominant two suicide methods were poisoning (39.12%) and sharp injury (25.62%). The first leading method of suicide in rural population, urban population and young people aged 10?to 17?year?old was poisoning (65.13%), sharp injury (29.90%) and fall (25.47%), respectively. As age increased, the severity of suicide/self?inflicted injury increased. The proportions of serious cases among young people aged 10?to 17?year?old and older people aged 60 years old and above who sought medical help after committing suicide or self?inflicted injury were 4.88% and 26.86%, respectively. Conclusion China's suicide mortality has been declining and special attention should be given to the suicide of old people.