摘要流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）是由乙型脑炎病毒（JEV）引起的以侵犯中枢神经系统为主的疾病，是亚洲和西太区引起儿童病毒性脑炎的主要病因。接种疫苗是预防乙脑的主要措施，当前我国有乙脑减毒活疫苗和乙脑灭活疫苗在使用。由于疫苗供应、受种者主客观选择等原因，会面临这两种疫苗序贯接种的需求，但当前缺乏相关实施依据。本文收集国内外研究证据，梳理了当前乙脑疫苗使用现状及序贯接种的研究进展，阐述了在无法满足同一类型乙脑疫苗完成全程接种情况下的序贯接种建议，以期为乙脑疫苗接种工作的开展和相关政策的制定提供参考。

abstractsJapanese encephalitis (JE) virus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia and the Western Pacific, which mainly invades central nervous system. Vaccination is the most important strategy to prevent JE. Currently, both live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccines (JE-L) and inactivated vaccines (JE-I) are in use. Due to the supply of vaccines and the personal choice of recipients, there will be a demand for interchangeable immunization of these two vaccines. However, relevant research is limited. By reviewing domestic and foreign research evidence, this article summarizes the current situation of the interchangeable use of JE-L and JE-I, and makes recommendations when the interchangeable immunization is in urgent need, so as to provide reference for practical vaccination and policymaking in China