摘要糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy，DPN）是糖尿病神经损害的慢性并发症之一，也是导致慢性伤口及致残的主要原因。外泌体（exosomes）与外泌体microRNAs（miRNAs）与DPN密切相关，通过介导细胞间通讯，参与周围神经系统的信号转导及蛋白表达。但在高糖环境中，外泌体与外泌体miRNAs引起DPN发生发展的具体作用和机制尚不完全清楚，本文就高糖环境中外泌体与外泌体miRNAs在抑制轴突生长、促进炎症反应和诱导血管损伤方面促进DPN发生和发展进行阐述。

abstractsDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the chronic complications of diabetic neuropathy, and also the main cause of chronic wounds and disability. Exosomes and exosomal-microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to DPN and participate in the signal transduction and protein expression of the peripheral nervous system by mediating intercellular communication. However, the specific role and mechanism of EVs and exosomal-miRNAs in the occurrence and development of DPN in high-glucose environments are not fully understood. This article reviews the promotion of EVs and exosomal-miRNAs in the occurrence and development of DPN in inhibiting axon growth, promoting inflammatory response, and inducing vascular injury in a high glucose environment.