摘要目的 本试验通过对已性成熟的豚鼠进行形觉剥夺,以探求性成熟后年龄对豚鼠形觉剥夺敏感性以及形觉剥夺性近视恢复能力的影响.方法 实验研究.采用39只豚鼠,根据年龄分为3组,分别为9周组(18只),12周组(10只)和15周组(11只).所有动物在实验前测量双眼屈光状态后采用特制乳胶头罩随机遮盖1只眼,遮盖时间为3周.3周后,移除乳胶头罩,并在移除当天,移除后2d及7 d分别测量双眼的屈光状态.结果 经过形觉剥夺,9周组、12周组、15周组实验眼相对于对侧眼的近视最分别为(-2.53±1.89)、(-1.43±1.57)、(-0.60±1.48)D.3组动物的形觉剥夺眼与对侧眼屈光度数差异均有统计学意义(t=-5.691,-2.203,-2.760;P<0.05).在近视的形成量方面,9周组和15周组分别为(-2.53±1.89)D和(-0.60±1.48)D,差异有统计学意义(F=2.823,P<0.05).随着豚鼠年龄的增大,形觉剥夺所形成的近视量随之降低.在恢复期,仅9周组动物表现出实验性近视逐渐恢复的趋势,但差异无统计学意义,其余组动物均不出现明显近视恢复.结论 豚鼠在性成熟后依然对形觉剥夺敏感,但对形觉剥夺的敏感性随年龄的增大逐渐下降.性成熟后豚鼠短期内近视恢复(1周)能力已基本消失.敏感性和恢复能力的下降并不同步,两者与年龄的关系表现出不同的模式.

abstractsObjective Young guinea pigs are susceptible to become myopic during form deprivation. They can also quickly recover from the myopia after removal of the form deprivation. This study investigated whether mature guinea pigs are sensitive to form deprivation and its refractive recovery from deprivation myopia. Methods It was an experimental study. Thirty-nine guinea pigs were arranged to 3 groups according to age. Group 1: 9-week old ( n = 18 ). Group 2: 12-week old ( n = 10 ). Group 3: 15-week old (n = 11). All the animals were performed refraction measurement prior to the experiment, then wore a facemask that covered one randomly assigned eye for three weeks. The masks were then removed and refraction was measured in both eyes immediately, 2 and 7 days after. Results After form deprivation, the refraction of the MFD (monocular form deprivation) eyes shifted to myopia, which had significant difference compared to the unmasked eye in all the groups(t = -5.691, -2. 203, - 2. 760;P <0. 05), the relative myopia compared to the unmasked eye in 9 weeks old animals were ( -2. 53 ± 1. 89) D, 12 weeks old ( -1. 43 ± 1. 57) D, 15 weeks old ( - 0. 60 ± 1. 48) D. There was significant difference between 9 weeks old animals and 15 weeks old animal in the refractive error right after the form deprivation (F = 2. 823, P < 0. 05). And the distribution of refractive error tended to lower degree of myopia as the guinea pigs grew older. None of the three groups showed significant reduction in relative refractive error during the recovery, but a trend of recovery was found in 9 weeks old animals. Conclusions The guinea pigs are sensitive to the form deprivation even when they are sexual mature, but both the susceptibility and the ability of recovery decrease as they grow older but in different patterns. The ability of recovery in short term (7 days) diminishes when guinea pig is older than 12 weeks while the sensitivity to form deprivation last until 15 w.