摘要目的:评价白内障合并高度近视眼患者行超声乳化白内障吸除联合区域折射型多焦点人工晶状体（IOL）植入术后的视觉质量。方法:回顾性队列研究。选取2017年6月至2019年12月在郑州大学第一附属医院行超声乳化白内障吸除联合区域折射型多焦点IOL（LS-313 MF30）植入的62例（92只眼）患者资料。根据患者眼轴长度分为2个组，眼轴长度≥26 mm者纳入高度近视眼组，共29例（46只眼）；眼轴长度<26 mm者纳入对照组，共33例（46只眼）；其中高度近视眼组再分为2个亚组，眼轴长度≥30 mm的纳入超高度近视眼亚组，共12例（18只眼），其余的患者为单纯高度近视眼亚组，共17例（28只眼）。所有患者术后随访大于6个月，比较随访期末各组患者的裸眼远视力、中距离视力和近视力及对比敏感度、阅读视力、阅读速度、视觉质量问卷调查结果，统计学方法主要采用两因素重复测量方差分析、独立样本 t检验、单因素方差分析及Kruskal-Wallis检验等。 结果:对照组与高度近视眼组、对照组与单纯高度近视眼亚组及超高度近视眼亚组间性别分布、年龄、随访时间差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。术后随访期内，对照组与高度近视眼组之间、对照组与单纯高度近视眼亚组、超高度近视眼亚组之间裸眼远、中、近视力差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05），超高度近视眼亚组的视力相对较差，但在术后6个月裸眼远、中、近视力（最小分辨角对数视力）仍分别达到0.07±0.11、0.34±0.08和0.20±0.09。术后随访期末，高度近视眼组空间频率为3、6、12、18周/度（cpd）的正常光照对比敏感度（对数值）为1.48±0.18、1.75±0.18、1.44±0.24、0.90±0.23，眩光对比敏感度为1.42±0.16、1.76±0.15、1.43±0.19、0.85±0.20，均低于对照组（正常光照1.66±0.18、1.88±0.14、1.54±0.18、1.06±0.18，眩光1.62±0.16、1.85±0.11、1.53±0.14、1.01±0.15），除正常光照12 cpd外，两组间差异均有统计学意义（均 P<0.05）。超高度近视眼亚组的对比敏感度最差（空间频率3、6、12、18 cpd，正常光照下分别为1.39±0.21、1.66±0.16、1.32±0.23、0.75±0.16，眩光下分别为1.31±0.13、1.64±0.12、1.31±0.18、0.73±0.15），均低于单纯高度近视眼亚组及对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均 P<0.05）；而单纯高度近视眼亚组仅低空间频率（3 pcd）下的对比敏感度（正常光照下1.53±0.13，眩光1.50±0.13）与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（均 P<0.05）。术后超高度近视眼亚组阅读视力和阅读速度与单纯高度近视眼亚组及对照组间差异无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。问卷调查显示高度近视眼2个亚组与对照组间白天及夜晚存在明显眩光和光晕的比例差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。无一例患者对调查的不良光学现象感到困扰。超高度近视眼亚组和单纯高度近视眼亚组脱镜率分别为11/12和15/17，对照组脱镜率为31/33，3组间脱镜率差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。 结论:区域折射型多焦点IOL适用于合并高度近视眼的白内障患者，术后有良好的远、近视力；但对于眼轴长度大于30 mm的超高度近视眼患者，术后对比敏感度相对较差，应严格进行术前检查并选择手术适应证，审慎开展该手术。 （中华眼科杂志，2021，57：358-365）

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the visual quality after phacoemulsification and implantation of a rotational asymmetric refractive intraocular lens in patients with high myopia and cataract.Methods:A retrospective cohort study. Sixty-two patients (92 eyes) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2017 to December 2019 were evaluated after phacoemulsification and implantation of a rotational asymmetric refractive intraocular lens (LS-313 MF30). According to the axial length, the participants were allocated to either a control group or a high myopia group. Among the 33 patients (46 eyes) in the control group, the axial length was shorter than 26 mm; among the 29 patients (46 eyes) in the high myopia group, the axial length was more than 26 mm. The high myopia group was further divided into two subgroups. The super high myopia subgroup included 12 patients (18 eyes), and the axial length was ≥30 mm; the high myopia subgroup consisted of 17 patients (28 eyes), and the axial length was<30 mm and ≥26 mm. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity and uncorrected near visual acuity were recorded after surgery. The follow-up time was more than 6 months. At the end of the follow-up, patients′ contrast sensitivity (CS), reading acuity, reading speed and visual quality questionnaire results were assessed. The main statistical methods were two-way repeated measures analysis of variance, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:There were no significant differences in gender distribution, age, or follow-up time between the control and high myopia groups, the control and high myopia subgroup, or the super high myopia subgroup (all P>0.05). At the end of the follow-up, the uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity of the super high myopia subgroup was 0.07±0.11, 0.34±0.08 and 0.20±0.09, respectively. The difference in postoperative visual acuity was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The CS and CS with glare of the high myopia group (3 cpd: 1.48±0.18, 1.42±0.16; 6 cpd: 1.75±0.18, 1.76±0.15; 12 cpd: 1.44±0.24, 1.43±0.19; 18 cpd: 0.90±0.23, 0.85±0.20) were significantly different from the control group (3 cpd: 1.66±0.18, 1.62±0.16; 6 cpd: 1.88±0.14, 1.85±0.11; 12 cpd: 1.54±0.18, 1.53±0.14; 18 cpd: 1.06±0.18, 1.01±0.15) ( P<0.05), except at 12 cpd ( P=0.05). The CS and CS with glare of the super high myopia subgroup (3 cpd: 1.39±0.21, 1.31±0.13; 6 cpd: 1.66±0.16, 1.64±0.12; 12 cpd: 1.32±0.23, 1.31±0.18; 18 cpd: 0.75±0.16, 0.73±0.15) were worst (all P<0.05). A significant difference between the high myopia subgroup and the control group was only found at 3 cpd (1.53±0.13 vs. 1.66±0.18, 1.50±0.13 vs. 1.62±0.16; both P<0.05). The reading acuity and reading speed of the super high myopia subgroup were lower than the high myopia subgroup and the control group, while the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The questionnaire survey showed that there was no significant difference in the proportion of glare and halo between the two subgroups and the control group (both P>0.05). No patients reported dissatisfaction. The rate of glasses independents was 11/12 in the super high myopia subgroup, 15/17 in the high myopia subgroup and 31/33 in the control group, with no significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The rotational asymmetric refractive intraocular lens is suitable for patients with high myopia and cataract, and has good far and near vision after operation. However, it could result in relatively low CS for super high myopia patients, so rigorous preoperative examination must be done. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 358-365)