摘要黄斑病变是导致病理性近视眼患者不可逆视力损伤的主要原因，其中牵拉性黄斑病变常需要玻璃体手术治疗。牵拉性黄斑病变包括黄斑前膜、黄斑劈裂、黄斑裂孔及黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离等。建议对Ⅱ型黄斑前膜行玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥离术，对黄斑劈裂行保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥离术，对黄斑裂孔行内界膜瓣填充术，对难治性黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离行玻璃体切除联合黄斑兜带术治疗。病理性近视眼牵拉性黄斑病变是一种慢性发展性疾病，术者要准确把握手术时机，选择合适的术式使患者得到的收益最大化。

abstractsMyopic maculopathy is the primary cause of irreversible visual impairment in patients with pathologic myopia, and myopic traction maculopathy often requires vitrectomy for treatment. Myopic traction maculopathy encompasses epiretinal membrane, foveoschisis, macular hole, and macular hole-related retinal detachment. It is recommended to perform vitrectomy combined with inner limiting membrane peeling for Type II epiretinal membrane, foveal-sparing inner limiting membrane peeling for foveoschisis, inverted inner limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole, and vitrectomy combined with macular buckle for refractory macular hole-related retinal detachment. Myopic traction maculopathy is a chronically progressive condition, and surgeons need to accurately determine the timing of surgery and choose appropriate procedures to maximize the benefits for patients.