摘要目的:探讨主视眼与非主视眼在屈光参数、视网膜和脉络膜各层血流方面的特征。方法:横断面研究。于2019年4月至2023年8月招募安徽省芜湖市地区高校18~32岁正视眼或近视眼、无全身疾病在校学生，按照双眼等效球镜度数差值<0.50、0.50~1.74、1.75~2.49、≥2.50 D分为A、B、C、D共4个组；采用卡洞法确定主视眼。分别记录双眼的屈光参数，包括等效球镜度数、近视球镜度数、散光度数、眼轴长度和角膜曲率差值（K2-K1），使用相干光层析血管成像术（OCTA）检测双眼黄斑区视网膜浅层毛细血管（SVC）、深层毛细血管（DVC）、无血管复合体（AC）、视网膜总体、脉络膜毛细血管（CC）、脉络膜中血管及视网膜脉络膜总体的血流密度。采用配对样本 t检验、方差分析和卡方检验进行统计学分析。 结果:共纳入符合标准受试者78人，年龄为（24.50±2.36）岁，男性28人，女性50人。右眼为主视眼共50人，左眼为主视眼共28人。在所有受试者中，主视眼近视度数高者42人，非主视眼近视度数高者30人；主视眼等效球镜度数［（-4.588±2.534）D］和近视球镜度数［（-4.253±2.504）D］、眼轴长度［（25.531±1.212）mm］与非主视眼［（-4.058±2.453）和（-3.779±2.425）D、（25.256±1.238）mm］的差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。其中，A和C组主视眼的散光度数，B、C和D组主视眼的等效球镜度数，C和D组主视眼的近视球镜度数和眼轴长度与非主视眼的差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。在所有受试者中，主视眼DVC（0.291±0.130）、AC（0.347±0.118）、视网膜脉络膜总体（0.385±0.102）的血流密度与非主视眼（0.257±0.148、0.326±0.126、0.349±0.084）的差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。其中，C和D组主视眼SVC、DVC、AC、脉络膜毛细血管、视网膜脉络膜总体，C组主视眼脉络膜中血管以及D组主视眼视网膜总体的血流密度与非主视眼的差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:在正视眼或近视眼年轻人群中，主视眼的近视程度高于非主视眼。当双眼等效球镜度数差值≥1.75 D时，主视眼视网膜和脉络膜的血流密度大于非主视眼。

abstractsObjective:To explore the characteristics of refractive parameters and retinal and choroidal blood flow in dominant and non-dominant eyes.Methods:A cross-sectional study. Students who were 18 to 32 years old and had emmetropia or myopia but no systemic diseases were recruited from universities in Wuhu, Anhui Province from April 2019 to August 2023. They were divided into 4 groups based on the difference in spherical equivalent between two eyes:<0.50 D (group A), 0.50 to 1.74 D (group B), 1.75 to 2.49 D (group C), and≥2.50 D (group D). The card hole method was used to determine the dominant eye. The refractive parameters of both eyes were recorded, including spherical equivalent, myopia degree, astigmatism degree, axial length, and corneal curvature difference (K2-K1). Optical coherence tomography angiography was performed to measure the blood flow density of the superficial retinal capillaries, deep retinal capillaries (DVC), avascular layer (AC), entire retina, choroidal capillaries, and choroidal vessels, as well as the retina and choroid as a whole. Statistical analysis was conducted using the paired sample t-test, chi square test, and variance analysis. Results:A total of 78 eligible subjects, aged (24.50±2.36) years old, 28 males and 50 females, were included. Fifty subjects had the right eye and 28 had the left eye as the dominant eye. Forty-two subjects had high myopia in the dominant eye, and 30 had high myopia in the non-dominant eye. There were statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) in the spherical equivalent [(-4.588±2.534) D vs. (-4.058±2.453) D], myopic spherical power [(-4.253±2.504) D vs. (-3.779±2.425) D], and axial length [(25.531±1.212) mm vs. (25.256±1.238) mm] between dominant and non-dominant eyes among all subjects, as well as in the astigmatism degree of groups A and C, spherical power of groups B to D, and spherical power and axial length of groups C and D. There were also statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) in the blood flow density of the DVC [(0.291±0.130) vs. (0.257±0.148)], AC [(0.347±0.118) vs. (0.326±0.126)], and overall retina and choroid [(0.385±0.102) vs. (0.349±0.084)] between dominant and non-dominant eyes among all subjects, as well as in the blood flow density of the superficial retinal capillaries, DVC, AC, choroidal capillaries, and overall retina and choroid of groups C and D, density of the choroidal vessels of group C, and density of the entire retina of group D. Conclusions:In young individuals with emmetropia or near vision, the degree of myopia in dominant eyes is higher than that in non-dominant eyes. When the difference in the spherical equivalent between two eyes is ≥1.75 D, the blood flow density of the retina and choroid in the dominant eye is greater than that in the non-dominant eye.