摘要微创青光眼手术（MIGS）的兴起为青光眼治疗提供了新的选择，但其与传统小梁切除术在手术理念、适用人群及长期疗效方面存在明显差异。小梁切除术作为经典术式，具有确切的降眼压效果，但并发症风险较高；而MIGS创伤小、恢复快，但降眼压幅度有限，且长期疗效仍存争议。如何在两者之间权衡，尤其是在我国不同医疗资源条件下，合理选择手术方式，是我国临床医师面临的重要问题。本文结合我国青光眼患者的特点、医疗资源分布及临床实践经验，深入探讨MIGS与小梁切除术的适应证、优势及局限，以期为我国临床医师在青光眼手术方式选择时提供更具针对性的参考。

abstractsThe rise of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has brought new options to glaucoma treatment. However, there are significant differences between MIGS and traditional trabeculectomy in terms of surgical philosophy, applicable populations, and long-term efficacy. As a classic procedure, trabeculectomy achieves a well-documented intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect but is associated with a higher risk of complications. In contrast, MIGS features minimal invasiveness and rapid recovery, yet its IOP-lowering magnitude is limited, and its long-term efficacy remains a matter of debate. How to balance these two approaches, especially considering the varying availability of medical resources in China, represents a key challenge for Chinese clinicians. Drawing on the characteristics of Chinese glaucoma patients, the distribution of medical resources, and clinical practice experience, this paper explores in depth the indications, advantages, and limitations of MIGS and trabeculectomy, aiming to provide more targeted references for clinicians in China when selecting glaucoma surgical strategies.