摘要民国时期,不论北洋政府还是南京国民政府,在传染病防治中都不同程度地开展过国际交流与合作.首先是与国联卫生组织在疫情情报、筹设新卫生机构、开展卫生调查与疫病防治等方面进行了交流与合作;其次与世界卫生组织在疫情情报、实地传染病防治以及人员训练等方面进行过交流与合作;另外还通过选送留学生、派遣人员出国考察学习和参加国际学术会议等主动走出去的方式,与国际医药卫生学术界进行交流与合作.这些交流与合作,为民国时期传染病防治工作创造了较好的国际社会环境,也为中国与世界相互了解开辟了一个特殊的窗口,同时也推动和加强了我国传染病防治技术的自主研发力量,但民国社会固有的弊端使得这些交流与合作的成效大打折扣.

abstractsDuring the Republican period of China, either the Northern Warlords Government or the National Government at Nanking, to different extent, all conducted international communication and cooper-ation in the prevention and treatment of epidemics. Firstly, they communicated and cooperated with Interna-tional League in epidemic information, establishment of new health organization, health investigation and prevention and treatment of epidemics. Secondly, with WHO in epidemic information, live prevention and treatment of epidemics and personnel training. In addition, with international medical academic society by the initiative means of selecting and sending returned students abroad, dispatching overseas staff to study and attend international academic meeting. These communications and cooperations not only created good circumstances of international society for the prevention and treatment of epidemics in the Republican period of China, but also open a special window for the mutual understanding between China and the world, at the same time, promoted and reinforced independent research and development forces of prevention and treat-ment technology of infectious disease of our nation. Unfortunately, the inherent defects of the society of Re-public of China greatly detracted from the effects of these endeavor.