摘要20世纪初,西学东渐,以及不同观点的中医云集上海,文化和学术的差异为上海近代中医团体提供了思想和学术背景.面对取缔和挤压,中医界对自身权利的维护也促使了中医团体的产生.近代上海中医团体的产生和发展经历了萌芽(1903 - 1911)、发展(1912 -1926)、抗争(1927 -1937)、低潮及恢复(1938 -1949)4个阶段.最初的中医团体多由学术见解相同或学术流派相近者组成,又有全国性和地区性不同,旨在进行学术研究.后期的中医团体则侧重于维护中医地位、争取中医权利.近代上海的中医团体的主要活动有创办刊物、编辑教材、出版书籍、开设医院(诊所)和中医学堂(学校),以及防治传染病和改良创新中药剂型等.在20世纪前叶,上海中医团体的作用和影响对上海成为近代中国中医活动中心起到了积极的推进作用.

abstractsIn the first half of the 20th century,with the introduction of western academic thought and the assemblage of TCM doctors of different factions,the variety of cultures provided an ideological and academic background for TCM societies in Shanghai in modern times.Under the pressure of banning and exclusion,protective measures taken by the TCM circles promoted the establishment of TCM societies.The establishment and development of TCM societies in Shanghai in modern times included four stages - the embryonic stage( 1903-1911 ),the development stage( 1912-1926),the struggling stage(1927-1937) and the recovery stage(1938-1949).Aiming at academic studies,TCM societies in the early time could be divided into a national society and local societies and both were composed of scholars with the same academic viewpoints.Societies in the later stages aimed at maintaining status and fighting for rights.Activities held by these societies included starting publications,compiling textbooks,publishing,establishing hospitals and schools,prevention and control of infectious disease and innovation of TCM dosage forms.In the first half of the 20th century,the influence of TCM societies helped Shanghai become the TCM center in modern times.