摘要《内经》、《难经》对“脾”的形态、大小、颜色、重量的描述,与现代解剖学的脾脏相吻合.中国历代医家大多继承了《内经》、《难经》关于“脾”的认识,形成了中医学的主流观点.而清代医家王清任描述的“脾”实际是胰腺,这种观点未被后世所认可.近代医家张寿颐认为“脾”包括了人体的脾脏和胰腺,此说虽被不少人引述或肯定,但结合解剖实际考察古人的记述,则知此说不能成立.中国古代医学对于“脾”的认识是通过尸体解剖实践取得的,“脾”解剖实质就是现代解剖学的脾脏.

abstractsDescription about pi’ s (spleen) morphology,size,color and weight in Neijing and Nanjing conformed to that in anatomy.Most Chinese doctors inherited this opinion and it was also the mainstream viewpoint in TCM.While pi described by the famous doctor Wang Qingren actually was the pancreatic gland,which was not accepted by later generations.Zhang Shouyi,a doctor in modem times,thought pi in TCM should include the spleen and the pancreatic gland.This viewpoint was quoted and identified by many people,but it couldn’t be right according to anatomy and research by the ancients.In TCM,people got anatomic knowledge in practice and pi should refer to the spleen in modem anatomy.