摘要禁烟是自清末至民国历届中央和地方政府的一项要政,特别是1912年1月南京临时政府成立后,全国各地掀起了禁烟运动的高潮.在政府支持下成立的全国性禁烟组织“中国国民禁烟会”“中华国民拒毒会”,为中国的禁烟运动做出了重要贡献.云南、陕西、黑龙江、浙江、上海等地方政府也结合当地的具体情况制定戒烟政策,严厉惩治大烟种植、贸易和吸食,使泛滥成灾的烟毒整体上开始得到控制.

abstractsAnti-opium-smoking had been the key policy of successive central and local governments from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republican Period.Since the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government in January 1912,the Anti-opium-smoking campaign had culminated across the country.Under the support of the government,the "National Anti-Opium Association of China" and "Association of Chinese People Rejecting Opium" were established which made an important contribution to China's anti-opium-smoking campaign.Yunnan,Shaanxi,Heilongjiang,Zhejiang,Shanghai and other local governments also combined with local specific circumstances to make anti-opium-smaking policy for punishing severely the opium cultivation,trade and opium smoking,thus,the overrun of opium began to be brought under an overall control.