《申报》所见中国1918—1920年大流感流行史料
The historical data of pandemic influenza in China from 1918 to 1920 in the Shun Pao
摘要1918年开始的席卷全球的大流感,中国也未能幸免。《申报》上关于中国1918—1920年流感流行的报道显示,这场瘟疫前后3次在中国肆虐,至少涉及京津沪3市及黑龙江、吉林、江苏、浙江、安徽、广东等14个省份多个地区。其中,第一波疫情报道集中在1918年的6—7月,病情较轻;第二波集中在10—11月,症状加剧,患病死亡者明显增多,尤以浙江宁波、绍兴、嘉兴等地疫情凶险为最,北京、安徽、河南、湖南、上海等地,也比较严重;第三波集中发生在1919年的春天,上海的流感疫情报道比较多。以往出版的关于1918年大流感的著作中,有关这次瘟疫在中国的流行情况,大多只言片语,因此《申报》上对1918—1920年中国大流感疫情的报道,是这次人类有史以来最致命自然灾难的重要史料补充。
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abstractsChina was not been isolated from the Spanish flu which begun in 1918. According to the reports on the influenza epidemic in China from 1918 to 1920 in the Shun Pao(申报, Shanghai Daily), the plague was rampant in China three times, involving at least three cities including Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai, and more than 14 provinces including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Guangdong. Among them, the first wave of epidemic reports were mainly in June and July 1918, the disease was relatively mild. The second wave outbroke on October to November, with aggravating symptoms and a significant increase in the number of patients and deaths, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province were the worst, and Beijing, Anhui, Henan, Hunan, Shanghai and other places were also serious. The third wave occurred in the spring of 1919, Shanghai, with more reports. In previous works on the 1918 pandemic, there are few descriptions about the epidemic in China, therefore, the reports on the 1918—1920 pandemic in Shun Pao are important historical data supplement to the most deadly natural disaster in human history.
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