摘要目的 分析参加健康体检人群中视网膜动脉硬化的患病率和相关因素.方法 计算2010年1至10月在北京协和医院健康体检人群中视网膜动脉硬化的患病率,并通过多因素Logistic 回归模型分析与该病相关的危险因素.结果 研究期间共有非糖尿病成年人群17 886名进行眼科检查并纳入分析,诊断视网膜动脉硬化1721例,总患病率为9.6%,以1级(88%)和2级(11%)病变为主.视网膜动脉硬化的患病率随年龄增长和人群中心血管病危险因素(超重/肥胖、高血压、高脂血症、空腹血糖升高)的个数增加而增高.在多因素Logistic回归分析中,年龄增大、男性、超重或肥胖、高血压和高脂血症均为视网膜动脉硬化的独立危险因素.主要的可纠正危险因素中,高血压的患病率在年龄>40岁后明显增加,而超重或肥胖在各年龄组均有较高而稳定的患病率.结论 城市体检人群中视网膜动脉硬化的患病率相对较高,以老龄、超重或肥胖、高血压为主要危险因素.常规体检在该病的预防和早期诊断中可以发挥重要作用.

abstractsObjective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of atherosclerotic lesions in retinal arteries of an urban population undergoing routine physical examinations. Methods Demographic and clinical information of subjects participating in annual routine physical examinations at Peking Union Medical Center from January to October of 2010 were collected and summarized. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the demographic and clinical factors associated with retinal arterial atherosclerosis. Results Among a total of 17 886 non-diabetic adults evaluated during the study period, retinal arterial atherosclerosis was diagnosed in 1721 (9.6% ). There were predominantly grade 1 (88% ) and grade 2 (11% ) lesions. Prevalence of retinal arterial atherosclerosis increased with age. And traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases included overweight or obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and elevated fasting serum glucose. In a multivariate Logistic regression model, advanced age, male gender,obesity or overweight, hypertension and dyslipidemia were independently associated with a higher risk of retinal arterial atherosclerosis. Hypertension was prevalent in subjects above 40 years old while overweight or obesity had a high prevalence in all age groups. Conclusion Retinal arterial atherosclerosis is common in this urban population. And aging, overweight/obesity and hypertension are the dominant risk factors.Routine physical examination is valuable for both the prevention and an early diagnosis of this disease.