摘要目的 了解我国农村适龄妇女叶酸增补情况,为评价国家基本公共卫生服务中叶酸增补项目实施效果提供依据.方法 收集2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日“国家免费孕前优生健康检查项目”覆盖的31个省、自治区、直辖市220个试点县资料,对已经完成了孕早期随访的农村妇女(902 270名)叶酸服用情况进行分析.结果 2010至2012年农村孕早期随访妇女叶酸服用率分别为73.58％(134 131/182 289)、75.88％(329 288/433 970)和76.53％(218 896/286 011),叶酸服用率有逐年上升趋势,且经趋势检验差异有统计学意义(x2趋势=13 371.8,P＜0.001).在服用叶酸的682 315名农村孕早期随访妇女中,开始服用叶酸的时间在“停经前至少3个月”的有350 738名(51.40％),“停经前1～2个月”的有130 683名(19.15％),“停经后开始”的有200 894名(29.44％).规律服用叶酸的有645 310名,占服用人数的94.58％;规范服用叶酸的342 418名,占服用人数的50.18％.结论 我国农村孕早期妇女叶酸服用状况良好,叶酸服用率为75.62％(682 315/902 270),提高叶酸的服用率及规范服用率仍然是提高国家基本公共卫生服务中叶酸增补项目实施效果的重要工作.

abstractsObjective To investigate folic acid (FA) supplementation status among Chinese rural reproductive women in their early pregnancy,and to provide evidence for the evaluation of FA supplementation project from national basic public health services.Methods The data on intake status of FA supplementation from "National Free Preconception Health Examination Project (NFPHEP)" database between January 1,2010 and December 31,2012 was used and analyzed.A total of 902 270 women who achieved follow-up during early pregnancy from 220 pilot counties of 31 provinces were recruited.Results From 2010 to 2012,the rate of FA intake among women recuited were 73.58％ (134 131/182 289),75.88％ (329 288/433 970) and 76.53％ (218 896/286 011),respectively,which increased year by year (x2trend =13 371.8,P ＜0.001).Among 682 315 women who took FA,350 738(51.40％) women began to take FA 3 months before amenorrhea;130 683 (19.15％) women began to take FA 1-2 months before amenorrhea,and 200 894 (29.44％) began to take FA after amenorrhea.Among 682 315 women who took FA,645 310 (94.58％) women took it regularly,and 342 418 (50.18％) women took FA in a standardized way.Conclusions The status of FA intake among Chinese rural women in the first trimester of pregnancy was good,and 75.62％ (682 315/902 270) of them took FA.It is also important for basic public health services to improve the rate of FA intake and increase the rate of taking FA in a standardized way in Chinese rural pregnant women.