摘要目的 分析北京地区大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)对健康青年人短期肺功能的影响.方法 运用时间序列研究方法,对24名居住于北京地区健康青年人,于2016年11月28日至12月9日,每日行肺通气功能及脉冲振荡肺功能检查,并记录北京市空气质量指数官园监测点大气污染数据(PM2.5等)及气象资料(温度、湿度等).采用广义估计方程构建统计模型,定量评价PM2.5对健康青年人短期肺通气功能及气道阻力的影响及滞后效应.结果 研究期间PM2.5日均浓度为100.7 μg/m3.PM2.5浓度与用力肺活量(FVC)和第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)呈剂量反应负相关,滞后效应为当日(lag0)及滞后1 d(lag1),且在lag0时负效应最强.在lag0时,PM2.5浓度每增加10 μg/m3,FVC和FEV1分别下降12.186(95％ CI:-15.573～-8.799)ml和9.449(95％ CI:-13.265～-5.634)ml;PM2.5浓度与气道阻力指标外周气道阻力(Rp)、共振频率(Fres)、肺黏性阻力5 Hz与20 Hz时的差值(R5-20)呈剂量反应正相关,滞后效应长达2d,且在lag0时负效应最强.在lag0时,PM2.5浓度每增加10μg/m3,Rp、Fres及R5-20分别上升2.444(95％ CI:0.889～3.999)Pa· L-1·s-1、0.125(95％ CI:0.082～0.168) Hz和1.074(95％ CI:0.444～1.703)Pa·L-1 · s-1.结论 PM2.5对健康青年人肺功能存在短期负效应及滞后效应.

abstractsObjective To explore the short-term effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on pulmonary function of healthy young adults in Beijing.Methods In this time series study,twenty-four healthy young adults who living around Guanyuan area were investigated in Beijing.The followup study was lasted for 12 days in total from Nov.28,2016 to Dec.9,2016,and pulmonary spirometry and inpulse oscillometry parameters were measured daily.Air pollution data (including PM2.5,etc.) and meteorological data (temperature,humidity,etc.) were monitored based on Guanyuan monitoring site.The short-term effects of PM2.5 on pulmonary ventilation function and airway resistance of healthy young adults were analyzed by using generalized estimating equation (GEE).Results In our study period,average daily concentration of PM2.5 were 100.7 μg/m3.The single pollutant model showed that there were negative dose-response associations between PM2.5 concentration and forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1);and there were negatively correlated with daily mean level of PM2.5 lagged 0-1 days,and the strongest negative effect was in lag0.At lag0 day,each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a significant decrease in FVC of 12.186 (95％ CI:-15.573,-8.799) ml and in FEV1 of 9.449 (95％ CI:-13.265,-5.634) ml.Moreover,there were positive dose-response associations between PM2.5 concentration at lag0 to lag2 and peripheral resistance (Rp),resonance frequency (Fres) and the fall in resistance between resistance at 5 Hz (R5) and resistance at 20 Hz (R20) (R5-20).And the strongest negative effect was in lag0.Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a significant increase in Rp of 2.444 (95 ％ CI:0.889,3.999)Pa · L-1 · s-1,Fres of 0.125 (95％ CI:0.082,0.168) Hz and R5-20 of1.074 (95％ CI:0.444,1.703) Pa · L-1 · s-1 at lag0 day.Conclusion Short-term PM2.5 exposure has a negative and lagged effect on pulmonary function in healthy young adults.