摘要目的:探讨前锯肌阻滞联合胸肌Ⅰ型阻滞对比胸椎旁阻滞在乳腺癌根治术术后镇痛的非劣效应。方法:选择2020年10月至2021年2月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院全身麻醉下因乳腺癌行乳腺癌根治术患者64例，采用随机数字表法分为两组（ n = 32）：胸椎旁阻滞组（TPVB组）、前锯肌阻滞联合胸肌Ⅰ型阻滞组（联合组）。术后给予患者自控静脉镇痛（PCIA）。比较两组患者在麻醉后恢复室（PACU）以及术后4、8、12、24、48 h各时间点的静息疼痛评分（NRS），术后24 、48 h舒芬太尼用量，患者PCIA首次按压时间及按压次数，术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼、血管活性药用量，术中血压、心率、阻滞操作时间，术后恶心、呕吐等不良反应发生率。若联合组与TPVB组术后24 h舒芬太尼总量差值的95%置信区间下限高于非劣效应界值负值（-3.8）时，即认为联合组非劣效于TPVB组。 结果:两组患者在PACU以及术后4、8、12、24、48 h各时间点NRS评分，PCIA首次按压时间及按压次数，术中全身麻醉药用量及术后24、48 h舒芬太尼用量比较差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）；联合组与TPVB组术后24 h舒芬太尼总量分别为（15.8±4.7）、（15.2±3.2） μg，差值的95%置信区间为-1.478~2.694，其下限高于非劣效性界值负值；TPVB患者诱导后及手术开始时的平均动脉压（MAP）为（63±7）、（70±7） mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），显著低于联合组的（77±5）、（79±8） mmHg，差异均有统计学意义（均 P<0.05）；TPVB组和联合组使用血管活性药比率分别为56.3%和18.8%，TPVB使用血管活性药更频繁，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.01）；TPVB组神经阻滞时间为10（9，11） min，联合组为8（6，10） min，联合组操作时间更短，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.01）。 结论:前锯肌阻滞联合胸肌Ⅰ型阻滞在乳腺癌根治术后具有相对于胸椎旁阻滞的镇痛非劣效应，且术中血流动力学更平稳，操作时间更短。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the serratus anterior plane block combined with pectoral nerves block I can produce a non-inferior analgesic effect compared with thoracic paravertebral block for radical mastectomy.Methods:From October 2020 to February 2021, Sixty-four patients of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University scheduled for radical mastectomy with general anesthesia,were divided into two groups ( n = 32 each) using a random number table method: thoracic paravertebral block group (TPVB group) and serratus anterior plane block combined with pectoral nerves block I group (S&P group). All patients received patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) postoperatively. The numerical rating scale (NRS) at post anesthesia care unit (PACU), 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 h after operation were compared between the two groups. Sufentanil cumulative dosage of PCIA in 24 h and 48 h, first press time after operation, total press times, the dosage of propofol, remifentanil and vasoactive drugs during operation, intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate, the operation time of block and adverse effects were all compared. Non-inferiority could be claimed if the difference of sufentanil cumulative dosage in 24 h between S&P group and TPVB group is higher than the negative value (-3.8) of the non-inferiority effect. Results:There was no significant difference in postoperative NRS at PACU, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 h after operation, first press time after operation, total press times, propofol and remifentanil dosage, sufentanil cumulative dosage of PCIA in 24 h and 48 h, and adverse effects (all P>0.05). The sufentanil cumulative dosage of PCIA in 24 h of S&P group and of TPVB group were (15.8±4.7) μg and (15.2±3.2) μg. The 95% confidence interval ( CI) of the difference between S&P group and of TPVB group was -1.478 to 2.694, and the lower limit was greater than non-inferiority margin -3.8. The mean arterial pressure of TPVB patients after induction and at the beginning of the operation were (63±7) mmHg and (70±7) mmHg, which were significantly lower than the (77±5) mmHg and (79±8) mmHg at the same time in the combination group (both P<0.05). The frequency of vasoactive drugs usage in TPVB group was 56.3%, which was statistically significant higher than the 18.8% in S&P group ( P<0.01). Nerve block time in TPVB group was 10 (9, 11) min, which was significantly longer than 8 (6, 10) min in S&P group ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The serratus anterior block combined with pectoral nerves block I can produce a non-inferior analgesic effect compared with thoracic paravertebral block for radical mastectomy, and the intraoperative hemodynamics is more stable and the block time is shorter than that of thoracic paravertebral block for radical mastectomy.