摘要急性肾损伤（AKI）是住院患者中最常见且具有高死亡风险的危重症，其病因繁多，机制复杂，具有发病率高、死亡率高、危害巨大的特点。尽管多个国外指南对AKI的诊疗做出了规范，但缺乏适合我国国情的AKI整体指导建议。因此，国家慢性肾病临床医学研究中心联合中国医师协会肾脏内科医师分会共同成立AKI临床实践指南专家组，结合国际指南推荐意见和中国临床实践现状，整合国内外最新的循证医学证据，在广泛征求意见的基础上制订了《中国急性肾损伤临床实践指南》。该指南系统介绍了AKI的定义及流行病学特点、AKI的诊断与监测、AKI的非血液净化治疗、AKI的肾脏替代治疗策略、特殊人群AKI诊治及AKI的转归和预后，旨在为各级临床医师提供指导建议，提高AKI诊疗水平。

abstractsAcute kidney injury (AKI), a common and severe disease, is associated with a high risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is a global health burden with high morbidity and mortality. Although many foreign clinical practice guidelines have standardized the management and treatment of AKI, there is a lack of overall guidance for AKI which is suitable for our national conditions. Thus, an expert group in related fields were organized by the National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases and Chinese Nephrologist Association to collaborate to complete the Chinese Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury based on the latest existing evidence-based medical evidence both domestically and internationally. The guideline systematically introduces the definition and epidemiological feature, diagnosis and monitoring of AKI, pharmacological approaches to prevent or treat AKI, and management of renal replacement therapy, management of AKI on special populations, and the outcome and prognosis of AKI, aiming to provide reasonable recommendations for all level clinicians in China.