摘要microRNAs作为新型肿瘤诊疗检测指标对肿瘤的早期筛查及鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值，特别是外周血microRNAs检测因其低侵入性和高灵敏度，临床应用前景广阔。本文分析了近年来外周血microRNAs在结直肠癌诊疗中的应用，同时也对microRNAs作为肿瘤标志物在临床应用中存在的问题，特别是众多影响因素所致的检测结果不稳定等制约其发展的主要原因进行了探讨。（中华检验医学杂志，2015，38：653－656）

abstractsmicroRNAs as novel tumor biomarkers exert important clinical value in early screening and antidiastole of human cancers .They show a broad prospect in clinical application , particularly due to their low invasive and high sensitivity .This review focused on the application of circulating microRNA for diagnosis and monitoring treatment in colorectal cancer based on the recent findings .Meanwhile, the defects in clinical practice by using microRNAs as tumor biomarkers and the major causes which could constraint their application, especially the unreliable detection result caused by many factors , have been discussed.